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Chapter 13, 14, 15 > 15 > Flashcards

15 Flashcards

0
Q

Adren/o

A

Adrenal gland

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1
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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2
Q

Crin/o

A

To secrete

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3
Q

Gonad/o

A

Sex gland

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4
Q

Hormon/o

A

To set in motion

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5
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas, sweetbread

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6
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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7
Q

Thyr/o

A

Thyroid, shield

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8
Q

Thyroid/o

A

Thyroid, resembling a shield

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9
Q

The primary organs of the blank system includes the pituitary gland attach the hypothalamus at the base of the brain the thyroid in the neck parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, pancreatic islets within the pancreas, the gonads which include ovaries and testes

A

Endocrine gland

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10
Q

This is the primary goal of the endocrine system

state in which the bodies equilibrium is maintained

A

Homeostasis

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11
Q

The result of this type of secretion is a change in cell functions which alters body activities

A

Hormone

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12
Q

In general endocrine disease results from either abnormally high hormone production called hypersecretion or abnormally low hormone production called

A

Hyposecretion

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13
Q

Sometimes an endocrine disorder includes an array of symptoms and involves multiple organs this type of disease is generally known as a

A

Syndrome

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14
Q

The treatment of endocrine disease is a focused discipline with in medicine called

A

Endocrinology

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15
Q

ex-

A

Outside, away from

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16
Q

Poly-

A

Excessive, over, many

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17
Q

Acid/o

A

A solution or substance with a pH less than 7

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18
Q

Acr/o

A

Extremity

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19
Q

Dips/o

A

Thirst

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20
Q

Hirsut/o

A

Hairy

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21
Q

Ket/o

A

Ketone

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22
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

Eye

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23
Q
  • ia

- osis

A

Condition of

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24
Q

-ism

A

Condition or disease

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25
Q

-megaly

A

Abnormally large

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26
Q

-s

A

Plural

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27
Q

-uria

A

Pertaining to urine, urination

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28
Q

The sign of excess acid in the body is therefore known as

A

Acidosis

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29
Q

A sign that includes enlargement of bone structure is known as this

enlargement causes disfigurement especially in the hands and face it’s a sign of hypersecretion of growth hormones abbreviated GH from the pituitary gland during adulthood literally means abnormally large extremity

A

Acromegaly

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30
Q

The abnormal protrusion of the eyes is known as this

It is a classic symptom of excessive activity of the thyroid gland and literally means outside eyes

A

Exophthalmos

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31
Q

This is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland

Caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet or an infection

A

Goiter

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32
Q

A symptom of excessive body hair in a masculine pattern is known as this the

Latin word means hairy

A

Hirsutism

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33
Q

This is an excessive amount of Ketone bodies in the blood and urine it is a symptom of unmanaged diabetes mellitus and starvation

A

Ketosis

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34
Q

Because ketosis produces an acidic condition of the body it is also known as

A

Ketoacidosis

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35
Q

Condition of excessive thirst

A

Polydipsia

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36
Q

This is the production of abnormally large volumes of urine

A

Polyuria

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37
Q

A pattern of masculinization and hair distribution in women

A

Adrenal virilism

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38
Q

Endo-

A

Within

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39
Q

Hyper-

A

Excessive, abnormally high, above

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40
Q

Hypo-

A

Deficient, abnormally low, below

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41
Q

Para-

A

Alongside, abnormal

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42
Q

Calc/i

Calc/o

A

Calcium

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43
Q

Carcin/o

A

Cancer

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44
Q

Glyc/o

A

Sweet, sugar

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45
Q

Muc/o

A

Mucus

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46
Q

-al

A

Pertaining to

47
Q

-emia

A

Condition of blood

48
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

49
Q

-oma

A

Tumor

50
Q

-osis

A

Condition of

51
Q

-pathy

A

Disease

52
Q

-penia

A

Abnormal reduction in number, deficiency

53
Q

Inflammation of a gland is called

A

Adenitis

54
Q

The general term for glandular disease is called

A

Adenopathy

55
Q

Any disease of a gland is called

A

Adenosis

56
Q

A malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue to form a glandular or glandlike pattern of cells is called a

A

Adenocarcinoma

57
Q

Adenocarcinoma often develops from a benign tumor of glandular cells known as this

A

Adenoma

58
Q

Inflammation of the adrenal gland is a condition known as

A

Adrenalitis

59
Q

A similar disease in which one or both of the adrenal glands becomes enlarged is known as

A

Adrenomegaly

60
Q

Both adrenalitis and adrenomegaly are forms of

A

Adrenopathy

61
Q

A child suffering from thyroid glands inability to produce normal levels of growth hormone at birth may develop the condition called

A

Cretinism

62
Q

caused by excessive secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex which affects many organs is called this

It’s characterized by obesity moon round face hypoglycemia and muscle weakness

A

Cushing syndrome

63
Q

Caused by hyposecretion of ADH by the pituitary

abbreviated DI

A

Diabetes insipidus

64
Q

Chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism

abbreviated DM

A

Diabetes mellitus

65
Q

Potentially vision threatening damage to the eye in diabetes is called

A

Diabetic retinopathy

66
Q

The general term for disease of the endocrine system is

A

Endocrinopathy

67
Q

Excessive activity of one or more adrenal glands is a disease called

A

Hyperadrenalism

68
Q

The opposite disorder occurs when the adrenal gland activity becomes abnormally reduced called

The chronic form of this is called Addison’s disease if left untreated

A

Hypoadrenalism

69
Q

When calcium levels in the blood become abnormally high the disease is known as

A

Hypercalcemia

70
Q

The condition of abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood is called

A

Hypocalcemia

71
Q

Literally means condition of blood excessive sugar

A

Hyperglycemia

72
Q

Blood sugar levels fall to abnormally low levels

A

Hypoglycemia

73
Q

The excessive production of PTH by the parathyroid glands is a disorder known as

A

Hyperparathyroidism

74
Q

PTH levels are reduced in the condition of hypocalcemia occurs

this condition is called what

A

Hypoparathyroidism

75
Q

Excessive activity of the thyroid gland produces abnormally high levels of thyroid hormone in the disease which accelerates metabolism

A

Hyperthyroidism

76
Q

One form of chronic hyperthyroidism called this is believed to be an autoimmune disease

A

Graves disease

77
Q

This is an acute event that is triggered by infection or trauma it could be life-threatening

A

Thyrotoxicosis

78
Q

When thyroid gland activity becomes deficient thyroid hormone blood levels drop below normal in the disease called

A

Hypothyroidism

79
Q

In the chronic form of hypothyroidism known as this… the subcutaneous layer beneath the skin becomes thick and hard and the body retains water aging skin prematurely while puffing the face and thickening the tongue and hands

A

myxedema

80
Q

This results in reduced sexual interest in reproductive capacity it often occurs prior to puberty. The gonads male testes and female ovaries fail to development is called

A

Hypogonadism

81
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas is a disorder known as

A

Pancreatitis

82
Q

The pituitary growth hormone is deficient at birth resulting in short stature this is called what

A

Pituitary dwarfism

83
Q

An abnormally high production of pituitary growth hormone before adolescence results in

A

Pituitary gigantism

84
Q

Inflammation of the thyroid gland is called

A

Thyroiditis

85
Q

If unmanaged diabetes mellitus causes large fluctuations in blood sugar levels resulting in circulatory deficiencies that result in cerebrovascular disease leading to heart failure and kidney damage called this

A

Diabetic nephropathy

86
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical excision, removal

87
Q

-logist

A

One who studies

88
Q

-logy

A

Study or science of

89
Q

-tomy

A

Incision, to cut

90
Q

A procedure involving the surgical excision or removal of one or both of the adrenal glands is known as

A

Adrenalectomy

91
Q

Study and treatment of the endocrine disorders is called endocrinology a physician specializing in this field is known as

A

Endocrinologist

92
Q

Measuring blood sugar levels provides information about how well the body manages carbohydrate metabolism in a procedure called abbreviated FBS blood sugar levels are measured after a 12 hour fast

A

Fasting blood sugar

93
Q

In this exam blood sugar levels are measured about two hours after the meal abbreviated PPBS

A

Postprandial blood sugar

94
Q

A test that may be used to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus examines a patient’s tolerance of glucose known as this

abbreviated GTT

A

Glucose tolerance test

95
Q

A failure of an endocrine gland to produce sufficient levels of a hormone or hyposecretion can have a serious impact on health, therapy to counteract this hyposecretion is called

A

Hormone replacement therapy HRT

96
Q

Surgical removal or excision of a parathyroid gland is called this

A

Parathyroidectomy

97
Q

In the diagnostic procedure known as radioactive iodine uptake this is used to track and measure its entry into the thyroid gland cells with a scanning instrument

abbreviated RAIU

A

Radioactive iodine

98
Q

This procedure uses radioactive iodine to target cells within the thyroid gland and destroy them

A

Radioiodine therapy

99
Q

The procedure measuring thyroid function is called

during which an image of the thyroid gland is obtained

A

Thyroid scan

100
Q

Thyroid scans are usually employed to detect a thyroid tumor known as

A

Thyroidoma

101
Q

The surgical removal of the thyroid gland is called

A

Thyroidectomy

102
Q

A procedure in which the thyroid gland is surgically entered

A

Thyroidotomy

103
Q

In some cases the parathyroid glands must be surgically removed with the thyroid gland this procedure is called

A

thyroparathyroidectomy

104
Q

A diagnostic test measuring thyroxine levels in the blood is simply called

used as a diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism

A

Thyroxine test

105
Q

ADH

A

Antidiuretic hormone

106
Q

DI

A

Diabetes insipidus

107
Q

DM

A

Diabetes mellitus

108
Q

FBS

A

Fasting blood sugar

109
Q

FSH

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

110
Q

GH

A

Growth hormone

111
Q

GTT

A

Glucose tolerance test

112
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

113
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone

114
Q

PPBS

A

Postprandial blood sugar

115
Q

PTH

A

Parathyroid hormone

116
Q

RAIU

A

Radioactive iodine uptake

Chapter 13, 14, 15 (3 decks)

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