15 Flashcards
Adren/o
Adrenal gland
Aden/o
Gland
Crin/o
To secrete
Gonad/o
Sex gland
Hormon/o
To set in motion
Pancreat/o
Pancreas, sweetbread
Ren/o
Kidney
Thyr/o
Thyroid, shield
Thyroid/o
Thyroid, resembling a shield
The primary organs of the blank system includes the pituitary gland attach the hypothalamus at the base of the brain the thyroid in the neck parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, pancreatic islets within the pancreas, the gonads which include ovaries and testes
Endocrine gland
This is the primary goal of the endocrine system
state in which the bodies equilibrium is maintained
Homeostasis
The result of this type of secretion is a change in cell functions which alters body activities
Hormone
In general endocrine disease results from either abnormally high hormone production called hypersecretion or abnormally low hormone production called
Hyposecretion
Sometimes an endocrine disorder includes an array of symptoms and involves multiple organs this type of disease is generally known as a
Syndrome
The treatment of endocrine disease is a focused discipline with in medicine called
Endocrinology
ex-
Outside, away from
Poly-
Excessive, over, many
Acid/o
A solution or substance with a pH less than 7
Acr/o
Extremity
Dips/o
Thirst
Hirsut/o
Hairy
Ket/o
Ketone
Ophthalm/o
Eye
- ia
- osis
Condition of
-ism
Condition or disease
-megaly
Abnormally large
-s
Plural
-uria
Pertaining to urine, urination
The sign of excess acid in the body is therefore known as
Acidosis
A sign that includes enlargement of bone structure is known as this
enlargement causes disfigurement especially in the hands and face it’s a sign of hypersecretion of growth hormones abbreviated GH from the pituitary gland during adulthood literally means abnormally large extremity
Acromegaly
The abnormal protrusion of the eyes is known as this
It is a classic symptom of excessive activity of the thyroid gland and literally means outside eyes
Exophthalmos
This is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland
Caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet or an infection
Goiter
A symptom of excessive body hair in a masculine pattern is known as this the
Latin word means hairy
Hirsutism
This is an excessive amount of Ketone bodies in the blood and urine it is a symptom of unmanaged diabetes mellitus and starvation
Ketosis
Because ketosis produces an acidic condition of the body it is also known as
Ketoacidosis
Condition of excessive thirst
Polydipsia
This is the production of abnormally large volumes of urine
Polyuria
A pattern of masculinization and hair distribution in women
Adrenal virilism
Endo-
Within
Hyper-
Excessive, abnormally high, above
Hypo-
Deficient, abnormally low, below
Para-
Alongside, abnormal
Calc/i
Calc/o
Calcium
Carcin/o
Cancer
Glyc/o
Sweet, sugar
Muc/o
Mucus
-al
Pertaining to
-emia
Condition of blood
-itis
Inflammation
-oma
Tumor
-osis
Condition of
-pathy
Disease
-penia
Abnormal reduction in number, deficiency
Inflammation of a gland is called
Adenitis
The general term for glandular disease is called
Adenopathy
Any disease of a gland is called
Adenosis
A malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue to form a glandular or glandlike pattern of cells is called a
Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma often develops from a benign tumor of glandular cells known as this
Adenoma
Inflammation of the adrenal gland is a condition known as
Adrenalitis
A similar disease in which one or both of the adrenal glands becomes enlarged is known as
Adrenomegaly
Both adrenalitis and adrenomegaly are forms of
Adrenopathy
A child suffering from thyroid glands inability to produce normal levels of growth hormone at birth may develop the condition called
Cretinism
caused by excessive secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex which affects many organs is called this
It’s characterized by obesity moon round face hypoglycemia and muscle weakness
Cushing syndrome
Caused by hyposecretion of ADH by the pituitary
abbreviated DI
Diabetes insipidus
Chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism
abbreviated DM
Diabetes mellitus
Potentially vision threatening damage to the eye in diabetes is called
Diabetic retinopathy
The general term for disease of the endocrine system is
Endocrinopathy
Excessive activity of one or more adrenal glands is a disease called
Hyperadrenalism
The opposite disorder occurs when the adrenal gland activity becomes abnormally reduced called
The chronic form of this is called Addison’s disease if left untreated
Hypoadrenalism
When calcium levels in the blood become abnormally high the disease is known as
Hypercalcemia
The condition of abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood is called
Hypocalcemia
Literally means condition of blood excessive sugar
Hyperglycemia
Blood sugar levels fall to abnormally low levels
Hypoglycemia
The excessive production of PTH by the parathyroid glands is a disorder known as
Hyperparathyroidism
PTH levels are reduced in the condition of hypocalcemia occurs
this condition is called what
Hypoparathyroidism
Excessive activity of the thyroid gland produces abnormally high levels of thyroid hormone in the disease which accelerates metabolism
Hyperthyroidism
One form of chronic hyperthyroidism called this is believed to be an autoimmune disease
Graves disease
This is an acute event that is triggered by infection or trauma it could be life-threatening
Thyrotoxicosis
When thyroid gland activity becomes deficient thyroid hormone blood levels drop below normal in the disease called
Hypothyroidism
In the chronic form of hypothyroidism known as this… the subcutaneous layer beneath the skin becomes thick and hard and the body retains water aging skin prematurely while puffing the face and thickening the tongue and hands
myxedema
This results in reduced sexual interest in reproductive capacity it often occurs prior to puberty. The gonads male testes and female ovaries fail to development is called
Hypogonadism
Inflammation of the pancreas is a disorder known as
Pancreatitis
The pituitary growth hormone is deficient at birth resulting in short stature this is called what
Pituitary dwarfism
An abnormally high production of pituitary growth hormone before adolescence results in
Pituitary gigantism
Inflammation of the thyroid gland is called
Thyroiditis
If unmanaged diabetes mellitus causes large fluctuations in blood sugar levels resulting in circulatory deficiencies that result in cerebrovascular disease leading to heart failure and kidney damage called this
Diabetic nephropathy
-ectomy
Surgical excision, removal
-logist
One who studies
-logy
Study or science of
-tomy
Incision, to cut
A procedure involving the surgical excision or removal of one or both of the adrenal glands is known as
Adrenalectomy
Study and treatment of the endocrine disorders is called endocrinology a physician specializing in this field is known as
Endocrinologist
Measuring blood sugar levels provides information about how well the body manages carbohydrate metabolism in a procedure called abbreviated FBS blood sugar levels are measured after a 12 hour fast
Fasting blood sugar
In this exam blood sugar levels are measured about two hours after the meal abbreviated PPBS
Postprandial blood sugar
A test that may be used to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus examines a patient’s tolerance of glucose known as this
abbreviated GTT
Glucose tolerance test
A failure of an endocrine gland to produce sufficient levels of a hormone or hyposecretion can have a serious impact on health, therapy to counteract this hyposecretion is called
Hormone replacement therapy HRT
Surgical removal or excision of a parathyroid gland is called this
Parathyroidectomy
In the diagnostic procedure known as radioactive iodine uptake this is used to track and measure its entry into the thyroid gland cells with a scanning instrument
abbreviated RAIU
Radioactive iodine
This procedure uses radioactive iodine to target cells within the thyroid gland and destroy them
Radioiodine therapy
The procedure measuring thyroid function is called
during which an image of the thyroid gland is obtained
Thyroid scan
Thyroid scans are usually employed to detect a thyroid tumor known as
Thyroidoma
The surgical removal of the thyroid gland is called
Thyroidectomy
A procedure in which the thyroid gland is surgically entered
Thyroidotomy
In some cases the parathyroid glands must be surgically removed with the thyroid gland this procedure is called
thyroparathyroidectomy
A diagnostic test measuring thyroxine levels in the blood is simply called
used as a diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
Thyroxine test
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone
DI
Diabetes insipidus
DM
Diabetes mellitus
FBS
Fasting blood sugar
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
Growth hormone
GTT
Glucose tolerance test
HRT
Hormone replacement therapy
LH
Luteinizing hormone
PPBS
Postprandial blood sugar
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
RAIU
Radioactive iodine uptake
