15/16: Nutrition Flashcards
What are some causes of dietary intolerance other than allergy?
New diet given suddenly, lactose intolerance, vasoactive amine release
Why should you not restrict sodium in heart disease?
Diuretics and ACE inhibitors already reduce it
What is the problem with old diets in heart disease?
They have high K and ACE inhibitors already increase this
Why are B vitamins supplemented in diets?
Lost in PUPD
Why do you need high magnesium in heart disease?
Lost in heart disease, ACE inhibitors reduce it further, can get arrhythmias
What is the problem with diabetic diets?
Don’t cause remission
What should you feed a diabetic?
The same every day but not homemade as calories will be different every day
What is in the ideal diabetic diet?
High complex carbs and fibre, no simple sugars, restricted fat
What is a good diet for a thin diabetic?
Chappie
What is a good diet for an obese diabetic?
Diabetic diet
What do you feed a diabetic cat?
No need for high fibre so give a high protein tinned diet unless pancreatitis
How much should you feed a diabetic cat?
To ideal weight and avoid anorexia
What can happen if you treat a diabetic cat?
Go into remission
What % of obesity is secondary to something else e.g. endocrine?
5%
Why does neutering double the risk of obesity?
Withdrawal of gonad steroid hormones e.g. oestradiol
What are some early life factors that increase obesity?
Premature, litter size, obesity in first year of life, calorie restriction
What are two problems with homemade diets?
High in fat, lack feeding guides
Which hormones does fat produce?
Adipokines, leptin, adiponectin
What triggers insulin resistance?
Inflammation
What are some consequences of insulin resistance?
B cell compromise, peripheral insulin resistance, hyperGly, risk of diabetes, pulmonary and kidney disease
How do you calcualte RER?
30 x BW + 70
How do weight loss diets work?
Same volume but reduced energy
What % weight loss should you aim for per week?
1%
