15

Question 1

ATP, ADP, and AMP all have in common what?

Answer 1

an adamine group, a ribose group, and then 3, 2, or 1 phosphate groups named gamma, beta, or alpha (from distal to proximal)

Question 2

phosphoanhydride bonds are what

Answer 2

bonds between two phosphate acid groups with removal of water

Question 3

phosphoester bonds

Answer 3

phosphate acid group and an OH group form a sugar

Question 4

ATP has ___ phosphoanhydride bond(s), and ___ phosphoester bond(s)

Answer 4

2
1

Question 5

ADP has ___ phosphoanhydride bond(s), and ___ phosphoester bond(s)

Answer 5

1
1

Question 6

AMP has ___ phosphoanhydride bond(s), and ___ phosphoester bond(s)

Answer 6

0
1

Question 7

adenylate kinase does what?

Answer 7

interconverts adenine nucleotides at near equilibrium
ATP + AMP -> <- 2ADP

Question 8

High level of AMP is indicative of ____

Answer 8

low energy state

Question 9

AMP acts as a ______ to increase rate of some catabolic reactions

Answer 9

metabolic signal

Question 10

the dinucleotide NAD+ has two nucleotide groups - the first one contains ____ and the second contains ____

Answer 10

nicotinamide
adenine

Question 11

why is there a plus sign after NAD+ ?

Answer 11

there is a positive charge on the nitrogen of the ring of the nicotinamide group

Question 12

oxidizing agents ____

Answer 12

accepts electrons and is reduced

Question 13

reducing agents ____

Answer 13

loses electrons and is oxidized

Question 14

lactate dehydrogenase does what?

Answer 14

pyruvate to lactate - NADH to NAD-