14th century crisis

Question 1

crisis in greek

Answer 1

“turning point”

Question 2

clear changes evidenced: attitudes to life and death

Answer 2

Tomb of Black Prince VS Tomb of John Fitzalan

Question 3

FAMINE - climate change

Answer 3

europe cools down- “little ice age”, lasts for 7 years. failed harvests
vicious circle

Question 4

FAMINE - Famine 1315-22

Answer 4

80-90%- hunger was fact of life.
Edward II couldn’t find bread in St Albans
10-25% of the population of many cities and towns died

Question 5

consequences of the great famine

Answer 5

authority of the church undermined
europe more violent - acts punishable by death more common
population - no more growth

Question 6

PLAGUE - symptoms

Answer 6

Boils in groin and armpits, fever, spots, spitting blood, death within 3-5 days

Question 7

PLAGUE - peak

Answer 7

. peaking in Europe between 1347 and 1350 with 30–95 percent of the entire population killed

Question 8

SOCIAL REVOLT - causes

Answer 8

increasing gap
declining incomes of the poor
rising inflation
religious backlashes

Question 9

SOCIAL REVOLT - peasants revolt

Answer 9

1381. army of peasants marched on tower of london
      peasants crushed, demands denied
      marked breakdown of feudal system

Question 10

SOCIAL REVOLT - jacquerie

Answer 10

1358. revolt of french pesantry as a reaction to widespread poverty
      nobles then massacred thousands

Question 11

SOCIAL REVOLT - lack of leadership

Answer 11

monarchy and aristocracy failed to ineffectively deal with uprisings and protect their lands
AVIGNON AND GREAT SCHISM

Question 12

WAR - hundred years war

Answer 12

william conquer had invaded england in 1066, establishing french rule. Edward III then launched war
eg battle of crecy, english commoners slaughtered french knights, italians, swiss

Question 13

WAR - background

Answer 13

revolts linked to warfare: weak leadership, high taxation (poll taxes in england)

Question 14

WAR - poll tax

Answer 14

to fund war with france, everyone on the tax register pay 5p – lead to peasants revolt

Question 15

WAR - cost

Answer 15

armies were expensive, increased cost by fighting abroad

Question 16

conclusions

Answer 16

europe could have recovered from the plague in its first batch, but its return over next two centuries every decade had most impact in society
but after, europeans were more prosperous, competitive, nationalistic, intolerant , leading to GLOBAL EXPANSION