1469-71: Key Events Flashcards
Which French King offered Warwick lands to attack Burgundy? Which lands? By when?
Louis XI
Holland + Zeeland
spring 1469
When was the first Yorkshire uprising in 1469? Who led the rebellion? Who was their real identity? What was the grievances of the rebels?
April 1469
Robin of Redesdale
Sir John Conyers, a Neville supporter
general abuse of power
When was the second Yorkshire uprising in 1469? Who led the rebellion? What was the grievances of the rebels?
May 1469
Robin of Holderness
demanded restoration of Henry Percy
Who put down the 1469 Yorkshire rebellions? Who was appointed to lead oyer and terminer for rebels, despite potential connection to rebels?
John Neville, Lord Montagu
Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick
When did Edward IV call on Warwick & Clarence to put down the Yorkshire rebels? What were the responses?
early July 1469
ignored, so Edward moved N instead
When did Warwick, Clarence and George Neville flee to Calais? Who tried to convince Clarence to not go?
July 1469
Cecily Neville
When was the marriage in Calais, between who? Why was this so controversial?
11th July 1469
Isabel Neville + Clarence
forbidden by Edward IV
When did Warwick & Clarence issue their manifesto? What did it say?
12th July 1469
condemns promotion of Woodvilles, calls on “Princes of the Blood”
When was the Battle of Edgcote? Who was it between? Who won? Who was executed after?
24th July 1469
Robin of Redesdale + rebels vs Royal Army (Herbert + Stafford)
Northern Rebels
William Herbert (Pembroke) & Humphrey Stafford (Devon)
What happened to Edward IV after the Battle of Edgcote? When? Why?
captured
29th July 1469
oblivious to loss
Who assumed government after Edward IV’s capture? What lands did he give himself?
Warwick
Herbert’s lands in S. Wales
Which Woodvilles were executed during Edward IV’s capture? When? What happened?
Richard Woodville (Rivers) + John Woodville (Rivers’ son)
12th Aug 1469
found guilty in show trial
When was Edward IV released from capture? Why?
10th Sept 1469
Warwick + Clarence lacked nobility support, needed loyal Yorkist supporters to put down Lanc rebellions in N
When was Henry Percy released from the Tower of London? When was he restored as Earl of Northumberland? Who did he replace?
27th October 1469
March 1470
John Neville (Montagu)
When were Warwick’s lands in S. Wales given back to Herbert’s heir? Who controlled them during his minority?
Feb 1470
Richard, Duke of Gloucester
In which month was Edward IV a particularly active importer? How many ships entered/left London?
Feb 1470
25+
How was John Neville compensated after being replaced as Earl of Northumberland by Henry Percy?
- made Marquess of Montagu
- given lands in SW England
- his son betrothed Edward IV’s daughter Elizabeth of York (but never actually married)
When was the Lincolnshire rebellion? What caused it? Who stirred up the rebellion?
spring 1470
Sir Robert Welles attacked Gainsborough Old Hall, belonging to Sir Thomas Burgh of Gainsborough, a loyal supporter of Edward IV
Warwick + Clarence
When was the Battle of Losecoat Field? What caused it? Who was it between? Who won? Who was found to be involved and exposed after?
12th Mar 1470
Lincolnshire rebellion
Lincolnshire rebels vs Edward IV’s army
Edward IV’s army
Warwick + Clarence
When did Warwick + Clarence defy a summons? Where did they flee?
April 1470
France
When was the Angers Agreement? What were the terms?
July 1470
- alliance of Warwick + Margaret
- supported by Louis XI of France
- Henry VI to be restored
- marriage of Edward of Lanc + Anne Neville (W’s daughter)
Who led the 1470 Yorkshire rebellion? When? Who led the Cumberland rebellion?
Lord FitzHugh of Ravensworth
Summer 1470
Richard Sulkeld
Which Neville defected to join Warwick as a Lancastrian, who had just returned to England? When? What did this cause?
Montagu
13th Sept 1470
Edward IV flees, fearing death in potential battle
Where did Edward IV flee to in 1470? Why?
Burgundy
sought support from Charles, Duke of Burgundy
When was Henry VI released and restored? When did his reign of “readeption” begin/end?
3rd Oct 1470
Oct 1470 - Apr 1471
When did Edward IV attempt to return to England? Where did he land? What did he do?
14th Mar 1471
Ravenspur, Yorkshire
burned his ship, symbol of confidence or naivety?
Who didn’t intervene when Edward IV returned to England, as a thanks for being restored recently?
Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland
Which city refused entry to Edward IV on his return?
Hull
Who did Edward IV reconcile with on his return? When? Where?
George, Duke of Clarence
3rd Apr 1471
Banbury
When did Edward IV enter London, following his return? How did London react? Who did he immediately arrest?
11th Apr 1471
didn’t resist
Henry VI and George Neville
When was the Battle of Barnet? Who was it between? Who won? Who was killed at the battle, following a collapse due to mistaken identity?
14th Apr 1471
Edward IV vs Warwick
Edward IV
Warwick + Montagu
When did Margaret and Edward of Lanc land in England? Where? What was their aim?
14th Apr 1471
Dorset
to convene with Jasper Tudor in Wales, with Lanc forces
When was the Battle of Tewkesbury? Who was it between? Who won? Who was executed after? Who was captured after?
4th May 1471
Edward IV vs Edward of Lancaster
Yorkists
Edward of Lancaster + Edmund Beaufort (Somerset)
Margaret of Anjou
What rumour, pedalled by Warwick + Clarence, begin to spread between rebels? When?
illegitimacy of Edward IV, son of archer called Blaybourne
spring 1469
When did Warwick + Clarence land in England, to readept Henry VI? Where?
Sept 1470
Devon, a Lanc stronghold
When did France declare war on Burgundy? When did England follow? What was the public reaction? Why?
Dec 1470
Feb 1471 (without support of parliament)
horrified
threat to wool trade, and parliament was ignored
What did Charles, Duke of Burgundy give to Edward IV to allow his return?
50,000 crowns
small Burgundian force
When Edward returned looking for battle, where was Warwick barred in? Where did Edward bar himself in?
Coventry
Warwick Castle
During Edward IV and Clarence’s reconciliation, who rallied Lanc support in London? How? What was the response?
George Neville
paraded Henry VI
negative, still disliked Henry VI
Where was Warwick’s body displayed after his death? For how long?
St. Paul’s Cathedral
3 days
How did Margaret evade Edward IV’s forces in Apr 1470? At which river and crossing was she caught by his forces?
moved West from Bath -> Bristol, but Edward expected her to move North
River Severn, Tewkesbury
Who led an unsuccessful assault on London following the Lanc loss at Tewkesbury?
Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconberg
When did Edward IV return to London after victory at Tewkesbury? What did he order that night?
21st May 1471
execution of Henry VI
Where did Jasper Tudor flee after failure to meet Margaret in 1471?
France
