1.4.1 Data Types

Question 1

What is a mantissa?

Answer 1

A number to be multiplied by an exponent

Question 2

What is an exponent?

Answer 2

A number representing the power to which a mantissa is to be multiplied by

Question 3

What is positive floating point normalisation?

Answer 3

Sign bit of 0, and the next digit is a 1

Question 4

What is negative floating point normalisation?

Answer 4

Sign bit of 1, and the next digit is a 0

Question 5

What is Bitwise manipulation?

Answer 5

Moving binary numbers left or right to
multiply or divide.

Question 6

What is Bitwise shift?

Answer 6

Multiplies or divides a binary number by
moving digits right or left.

Question 7

What is a logical shift?

Answer 7

Moves all bits to the right or left. Fill gaps with
0s.

Question 8

What is arithmetic shift?

Answer 8

Shifts bits while maintaining the sign bit

Question 9

What are the rules when dividing and multiplying during an arithmetic shift?

Answer 9

If dividing:
* If the MSB is 1, feed in 1’s into the gap
after the MSB.
* If it’s 0, feed in 0’s.

If multiplying:
* Feed in 0’s.

Question 10

What is a circular shift?

Answer 10

A shift that moves a bit into the carry bit at
one end, and takes a bit out at the other.

Question 11

What are the rules when dividing and multiplying during a circular shift?

Answer 11

If dividing:
* The LSB goes into the MSB.
If multiplying:
* The MSB goes into the LSB.

Question 12

How do AND masks work?

Answer 12

0s set to 0, 1s keep the original bit

Question 13

How do OR masks work?

Answer 13

1s set to 1, 0s keep the original bit

Question 14

How do XOR masks work?

Answer 14

0s keep the original bit, 1s NOT the original
bit.