1.4 The Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Joint

Answer 1

Where two or more bones meet

Question 2

Three types of joints

Answer 2

• fibrous or fixed joints
• cartilaginous or slightly moveable joints
• synovial or freely moveable

Question 3

Bone on top of head

Answer 3

Cranium

Question 4

Bone at the jaw

Answer 4

Mandible

Question 5

Bone at the neck

Answer 5

Cervical vertebrae

Question 6

Bone on collarbone

Answer 6

Clavicle

Question 7

Bone on shoulder blades

Answer 7

Scapula

Question 8

sections of vertebrae

Answer 8

come to Leos stinky crib

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacrum
coccyx

Question 9

bone on inside of arm

Answer 9

Ulna

Question 10

Bone on outside of arm

Answer 10

Radius

Question 11

Bones in hands

Answer 11

phalanges = fingers
metacarpals = in middle
carpals = bottom of hand

Question 12

Bone at top of arm

Answer 12

Humerus

Question 13

Bone in middle or ribs

Answer 13

Sternum

Question 14

Bone at hip

Answer 14

Pelvis

Question 15

Bone at bottom of hip next to hip flexor

Answer 15

Ischium

Question 16

Bone at top of leg

Answer 16

femur

Question 17

Bone at knee

Answer 17

Patella

Question 18

Main bone in shin

Answer 18

tibia

Question 19

Smaller bone in shin

Answer 19

fibula

Question 20

Bones in foot

Answer 20

phalanges = toes
metatarsals = middle of foot
tarsals = top of foot

Question 21

Bone at back of foot ( bone in the ankle)

Answer 21

Talus

Question 22

How many bones to remember

Answer 22

27

Question 23

What movement does the ball and socket joint allow ?

Answer 23

movement in every direction

Question 24

How is a ball and socket joint formed?

Answer 24

the round head of a bone fitting into the cup-shaped capsule of the connecting bone

Question 25

2 examples of ball and socket joints

Answer 25

hip shoulder

Question 26

Articulating bones of the hip

Answer 26

femur pelvis

Question 27

Articulating bones of the shoulder

Answer 27

humerus scapula

Question 28

Articulating

Answer 28

This refers to the bones that meet and move at the joint

Question 29

What movement do hinge joints allow ?

Answer 29

movement in only one direction , due to the shape of the bones making up the joint

Question 30

3 examples of hinge joints

Answer 30

ankle knee elbow

Question 31

Articulating bones of the ankle

Answer 31

talus tibia fibula

Question 32

Articulating bones of the knee

Answer 32

femur and tibia

Question 33

Articulating bones of the shoulder

Answer 33

humerus radius ulna

Question 34

3 planes of movement

Answer 34

sagittal plane frontal plane transverse plane

Question 35

Sagittal plane

Answer 35

divides the body into right and left halves

Question 36

Frontal plane

Answer 36

divides the body into front and back halves

Question 37

Transverse plane

Answer 37

divides the body into upper and lower halves

Question 38

What planes does a full twisting somersault use ?

Answer 38

all 3

Question 39

What are the 3 axis of movement ?

Answer 39

transverse axis sagittal axis longitudinal axis

Question 40

Transverse axis

Answer 40

runs from side to side across the body

Question 41

Sagittal axis

Answer 41

Runs from front to back

Question 42

Longitudinal axis

Answer 42

Runs from top to bottom

Question 43

Flexion

Answer 43

decreasing the angle between the bones of a joint

Question 44

Extension

Answer 44

increasing the angle between the bones of a joint

Question 45

Plantar-flexion

Answer 45

Pointing the toes/pushing up onto your tip toes

Question 46

Dorsi-flexion

Answer 46

Pulling the toes up to the shin

Question 47

Hyper-extension

Answer 47

increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees between the bones of a joint

Question 48

Planes and axis pairings

Answer 48

- sagittal plane and transverse axis - frontal plane and sagittal axis - transverse plane and longitudinal axis

Question 49

Joint actions taking place in a sagittal plane about a transverse axis

Answer 49

flexion extension plantar-flexion dorsi-flexion hyper-extension

Question 50

joint actions taking place in a frontal plane about a sagittal axis

Answer 50

abduction adduction

Question 51

joint actions taking place in a transverse plane about a longitudinal axis

Answer 51

Horizontal abduction horizontal adduction

Question 52

Acronym for remembering plane and axis parings

Answer 52

Striker ,Fraser Forster , tricky left winger striker = kicking a ball is flexion and extension fraser Forster = goalkeepers go left to right (abduction and adduction) tricky left winger = spinning around the world

Question 53

What joint action is moving the shoulder forward and backwards when the arm is by the side of the body ?

Answer 53

forward = flexion backwards = extension

Question 54

Abduction

Answer 54

movement away from the midline of the body e.g. raising your arms and legs out to the side away from your body

Question 55

Adduction

Answer 55

movement towards the midline of the body e.g. lowering the arms and leg back to the sides of the body

Question 56

Horizontal adduction

Answer 56

movement of the arm forward across the body at 90 degrees to shoulder abduction e.g. raise your arm out to the side until it is parallel to the floor (abduction of the shoulder) and then move it across the body

Question 57

Horizontal abduction

Answer 57

movement of the arm backwards across the body to shoulder abduction e.g. raise your arm and hold it at 90 degrees ( flexion of the shoulder) , then move it away from the body

Question 58

Agonist

Answer 58

The muscle that is responsible for the movement that is occurring

Question 59

Antagonist

Answer 59

The muscle that works in opposition to the agonist (to help produce a (co-ordianted movement)