1.4 Renaissance

Question 1

Henry VIII

Answer 1

married to Catherine to Aragon, he had six wives because he wanted to have a son.

Henry dissolved monastaries + converted England to Protestant.

Question 2

Catherine of Aragon

Answer 2

Catherine Aragon was the aunt of Charles V and the daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabelle. She was King Henry’s first wife, and had one daughter named Mary.

Question 3

Anne Boleyn

Answer 3

She was a courtlady who later became Henry VIII’s second wife. She failed to produce a son twice, in which Henry charged her for adulterous incest and beheaded her.

Question 4

Why did the pope not give Henry VIII an annulment of his marriage?

Answer 4

Charles V troops at Rome. Charles against annulment because he was the nephew of Catherine (annulment of marriage = his aunt would be a fornicator), making Mary (Henry + Cath daughter) a bastard.

Question 5

What seem to have been Henry VIII’s motivation for leaving the Catholic Churc and taking the monasteries?

Answer 5

• wanted to have multiple wives and wanted more power and wealth

Question 6

Bloody Mary I (Tudor)

Answer 6

• Mary was the daughter of Henry + Catherine
• changed England to catholicism + denounced Reformation legislation
• executed a lot of Protestants

Question 7

Elizabeth I (Tudor)

Answer 7

• Next in line to Mary in throne –> Anne Boleyn’s daughter
• raised as a Protestant –> but allowed for others to exercise beliefs (required ppl to attend church)
• was the supreme gov. of church of England
  –> use of gov. allow Catholics to be loyal to her w/o betraying pope

Question 8

Puritans

Answer 8

English Protestants want to further purify church.

Question 9

Anglican Church . Church of England

Answer 9

• Mostly leaning toward the Protestant side
• Protestant; services in English + monastaries not re-established
• Catholic: Church remain hierarchical (archbishops, bishops, etc) + celery in distinct robes

Question 10

Mary Queen of Scots

Answer 10

• Elizabeth’s cousin; Catholic (NEXT IN LINE TO THRONE)
• Elizabeth imprison her bcs worried that Mary would overthrow her and establish Catholicism in England

Question 11

The Spanish Armada

Answer 11

• planned by Philip of Spain (Bloody Mary husband)
• Plan to invade England –> failed because England ships better
• after lost: Spain navy rebuild ships and prevent Philip from reimposing catholicism in England

Question 12

John Calvin

Answer 12

• Protestant Convert born in France
• Believe that God selected him specifically to reform church
• remove Geneva
• establish Christian society ruled by God through civil administrators

Question 13

Genva’s role in Reformation

Answer 13

• became model of a Christian community for Protestant reformers

Question 14

free will v. predestination

Answer 14

• free will = detract from sovereignty of God
• Humans cannot work to achieve salvation because God has decided your faith already
• believe that Christ save them; redemption

Question 15

Presbyterian

Answer 15

• formed by Joh Knox (scottish)
• restricting use Calvin doctrine
• emphasis on preachings + simple worship

Question 16

Huguenots

Answer 16

• French Calvinists