1.4 Proteins

Question 1

Chromosomes are made up of regions called

Answer 1

genes

Question 2

DNA is a complex substance that forms

Answer 2

the genes of all living organisms.

Question 3

DNA carries the genetic information, which is information for making

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

A single DNA molecule is a

Answer 4

double-stranded helix

Question 5

Structural

Answer 5

Forms supporting frameworks inside cells and forms body structures

Question 6

Enzymes

Answer 6

Catalyse biological reactions

Question 7

Hormones

Answer 7

Communication between different parts of the body. Hormones are released from endocrine glands and are transported in the blood to target cells

Question 8

Antibodies

Answer 8

Part of the immune system. They are produced by white blood cells and can bind to specific bacteria and viruses to label them for destruction by other types of white blood cells

Question 9

The substance upon which an enzyme acts is called its

Answer 9

substrate

Question 10

Where an enzymes bonds to the substrate is called its

Answer 10

active site

Question 11

Enzymes are specific and as as a result the shape of the active site of each enzyme molecule is

Answer 11

complementary to the shape of its substrate.

Question 12

Each type of enzyme works best in its

Answer 12

optimum conditions

Question 13

Enzymes and other proteins are affected by

Answer 13

temperature and pH

Question 14

Extremes of temperature or pH can result in changes to shape of the enzyme know as

Answer 14

denaturation

Question 15

Denaturation

Answer 15

The change in the shape of a protein such as an enzyme that results in them no longer fitting their substrate.