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tudors > 1.4 HVIII after 1529 > Flashcards

1.4 HVIII after 1529 Flashcards

1
Q

The changes from 1529-1536…

A

had little impact on the doctrine of the church, but gave henry legal power over it

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2
Q

When did doctrinal changes to the church arguably begin

A

1536, the dissolution of monasteries

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3
Q

what suggests henry was reluctant to break with rome

A

the length he spent trying to persuade the pope for a divorce

  • The first act of Annates was conditional, giving the pope an oppurtunity to grant the divorce in return for an abandonment of the break.
  • he applied pressure on the church to force his agreement and weaken the attempts for the church to resist.
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4
Q

What allowed Henry to claim the church needed reform

A

in 1529, parliament, MPs attacked what they claimed were widespread abuses from the church.

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5
Q

Act of Submission of the Clergy

A

1532 - church surrenders right to enact clerical laws

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6
Q

Act in restraint of annates

A

1532 - banned most clerical taxes to rome, gives Henry the right to appoint bishops

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7
Q

List 3 legal reforms HVIII did 1532

A

1530 - charged church w praeminure, later withdrew it for a fine
1532 - Act of Submission of the clergy
1532 - Act in restraint of annates

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8
Q

By the end of 1532, had HVIII achieved anything with the pope?

A

No, he had only destroyed church resistance

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9
Q

List 5 legal reforms HVIIII did 1533-1536

And what do these indicate

A

1533 - Act in restraint of appeals
1534 - Act of Succession
1534 - Act of Supremacy
1534 - Act for first fruit and tenths
1534 - Treason act

^ none of these are doctrinal, only removing power from the pope and giving it to the king.

The act for first fruit also gives money to the king.

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10
Q

what did parliament achieve from 1533-1536

A

Abolished papal authority in england through a series of statutes

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11
Q

Act in restraint of Annates

A

1532 - banned payments to rome

The first one was conditional, giving the pope the chance to grant the divorce.

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12
Q

Act in restraint of appeals

A

1533 - foreign powers (pope) cannot intervine in england

: catherine cant appeal to the pope on the divorce

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13
Q

Act of Supremacy

A

1534 - Confirmed henry was the supreme head of the church

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14
Q

Treason act

A

1534 - Made it treason to not swear the oath of supremacy, or to deny the kings supremacy

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15
Q

Act of Succession

A

1534 - Ends Marriage w Catherine, Made Mary Illigetimate

It is treason to question Anne and Henry’s marriage

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16
Q

Argument against the idea HVIII wanted wealth and thats why he did the reformation

A

He didnt make lots of money until years in

It was only with the dissolution of monasteries, in 1536, that henry gained substantially .

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17
Q

Argument that HVIII wanted wealth and thats why he did the reformation

A

-1530 charge of praeminure showed He could easily obtain money from the church

  • Cromwell promised to make henry “the richest man in christendom”
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18
Q

How was the dissolution of monasteries a direct assault on purgatory?

A

Monks spent much of their time praying for souls of the dead.

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19
Q

by 1536, would the church ever be able to challenge the state again?

A

no.

There was a significant shift in power from the church to the state.

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20
Q

Describe the religious changes of 1536-39

A

A swing towards protestantism / reform

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21
Q

describe the Religious changes of 1539-40

A

A return to more catholic / traditional

22
Q

describe the religious changes of 1541-43

A

A period of religious confusion

23
Q

describe the religious changes of 1544-47

A

Triumph of the reformed faction

24
Q

Act for first fruit and tenths

A

1534 - holders of church jobs had to pass some money on to the king.

25
Q

list religious developments from 1536-39

A

1536 - dissolution of smaller monasteries

1536 - Act of ten articles

1537 - Bishops book

1537 - Matthews bible

1538 - John Lambert executed

1539 - dissolution of greater monasteries

1539 - Act of Six articles

26
Q

List 2 religious developments 1536-9 which were more catholic leaning

A

1538 - John lambert executed
1539 - Act of Six articles

27
Q

Act of Ten Articles

A

1536 , Rejected 4 of the 7 sacraments of catholicism

28
Q

Bishop’s book

A

1537 - Status of preists, mass and purgatory were vague, the book reduced their importance

29
Q

Matthews bible

A

1537- Protestant Bible

30
Q

John Lambert

A

A man who henry had executed in 1538 for rejecting the catholic beleif in transubstantiation

31
Q

Act of Six articles

A

1539 - Confirmed Transubstantiation

32
Q

5 Argument that cromwell mostly influenced religious change 1536-39

A
  • He pressured bishops to agree to the bible in english
  • issued the royal injunctions
  • Influenced the bishop’s book
  • one of the charges brought against him were his religious beleifs
  • When cromwell was executed, Henry married a catholic wife- catherine howard
33
Q

The period of religious confusion / 1540-43

A

1539 Act of Six articles

1540 Henry Marries Catherine Howard, Executes cromwell

1543 act for advancement of true religion - restricts access to the bible

Henry protected cranmer from attacks from the catholic faction

34
Q

Act for advancement of true religion

A

1543 - restricts access to the bible

still allows the bible in english

35
Q

Religious developments 1544-47

A
  • 1544- english litany
  • 1545 act dissolving the chantries was passed but not enforced
  • Edward given a protestant tutor
  • 1546 Anne askew burnt for denying transubstantiation
  • triumph of the reformists - they controlled the king’s will and dry stamp
36
Q

Anne askew

A

Burnt for denying transubstantiation in 1546

37
Q

Valor Ecclesiasticus

A

1535 census on the wealth of the church.

At the same time cromwell sent inspectorates to monasteries.

38
Q

Argument that the Larger monasteries were dissolved for money

A

The act closing smaller monasteries praised the larger ones, therefore at that stage (1536) there was no plan to close them

39
Q

how much did crown income increase thanks to the dissolution of monasteries

A

doubled

40
Q

Why cromwell had to exxagerate the corruption of monasteries

A
  • people valued not just the religious, but also social work of the monasteries, as was evident in the Pilgrimage of grace
41
Q

4 Religious motives to dissolve the monasteries

A
  • Monasteries support purgatory by offering prayers for the dead
  • Protestants dont beleive in the value of religious houses
  • Monestaries owed alliegence to powers outside of england , going against the Act in Restraint of appeals
  • Many opps to the reformation were monks
42
Q

4 Financial motives to dissolve the monasteries

A
  • Henry had already spent his inheritance on wars from france
  • 1530s, threat of catholic crusade/ invasion
  • Funds would remove the need for parliamentary taxation
  • land could be used to buy off opposition eg. Norfolk
43
Q

2 people who were executed for not swearing the oath of supremacy

A

Sir Thomas More
John Fisher

^ Both opposed due to religious reasons.

44
Q

List 4 forms of opposition to religious change before 1536

A
  • Thomas more resigned + refused oath , executed
  • John fished refused oath, executed
  • Monks + Friars resisted changes, were executed or starved
  • Elizabeth barton - made prophecies against divorce - executed
45
Q

why was there limited opposition to HVIII’s reformation especially before 1536

A
  • there had been no change to doctrine / church rituals
  • May have thought Henry would restore the pope after his divorce
46
Q

How many did the pilgrimage of grace have,

what was the proportion to HVIII’s army?

A

40,0000

outnumbered what force HVIII could raise 5:1

47
Q

The pilgrimage of grace included all classes: how far is this true?

A

It is true, however gentry support dissapeared when royal forces came near.

48
Q

reasons the pilgrimage of grace was serious

A
  • rebel “host” armies far outnumbered the king
  • rebels had control of york in north
  • rebels controlled pontefract castle in south
  • well organised under robert aske’s leadership
  • attracted support to all classes
49
Q

6 Arguments the pilgrimage of grace was religious

A
  • the timing
  • aske claimed dissolution was the “great cause” of the rebellion
  • rebels restored some monks to their monasteries
  • the pilgrim oath + the ballad from the rising stressed the religious element
  • the number of religious greivances in rebel demands
  • the rising began and lasted longest in areas around monasteries
50
Q

4 Arguments the pilgrimage of grace was not religious

A
  • poor harvests 1535/6
  • Enclosure an issue in York
  • complaints about cromwell and other advisers
  • supporters of catherine/ mary saw rebellion as the only way to restore their influence
51
Q

5 why was there not more opposition after 1536?

A
  • the moves to protestantism were piecemeal
  • Henry remained catholic, giving the impression catholic practice was still acceptable
  • it is your duty to obey the monarch
  • opposition was surpressed with the treason act 1534
  • direct correspondence (letters to JPS) used by cromwell to create fear
52
Q
A

tudors (7 decks)

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