1.2 Henry VII's foreign policy

Question 1

Why was England’s Military power weak in 1485

Answer 1

It had no standing army

Question 1

The Hundred Years war

Answer 1

War between England + France which lost all English land on the continent except calais.

Question 2

Why was it important to retain freindship w netherlands

Answer 2

It was the centre of cloth trade, England’s most important export

Question 3

Which country provided Henry with Refuge during Exile

Answer 3

Brittany

Question 4

How had france supported henry

Answer 4

1485, gave him financial aid for his invasion

Question 5

3 reasons france was a danger to england

Answer 5

• Largest, most Professional army in europe
• Financially stronger
• Auld alliance with scotland

Question 6

Auld alliance

Answer 6

Alliance between France and Scotland

Question 7

Why was scotland a nuisance

Answer 7

common raids forced england to keep expensive garrisons on the border

Question 8

Why was spain unlikely to come into conflict with england

Answer 8

• Prioritised driving moors out of granada
• Securing their northern border with france
• england might be seen as a useful ally against france

Question 9

Margaret of Burgundy

Answer 9

Enemy of Henry
Made burgundy into a base for yorkist claimants

Question 10

The HRE also acquired which country recently

Answer 10

Burgundy

Question 11

When did italian wars break out and why was this good for HVII

Answer 11

1494
France, Spain, HRE all fighting over land
This diverted european attention from himself.

Question 12

What were HVII’s foreign policy aims

Answer 12

• Gain recognition of the tudor dynasty
• national security
• defence of english trading interests

Question 13

what was more important : Foreign Policy, or Ensuring the obedience of his subjects

Answer 13

Ensuring the Obedience of his subjects

Question 14

What two countries did Henry secure truces with, which extended to 1489

Answer 14

• France: a 1 year truce which was later extended to 1489
• Scotland: 3 year truce signed in 1486

Question 15

What did henry sign with brittany in 1486

Answer 15

commercial treaty

Question 16

What happened in 1488 which improved scottish relations

Answer 16

James III assassinated, Brought young James IV to throne

Question 17

With who did Henry renew a treaty in 1487

Answer 17

Maximillian, Heir to HRE.

Question 18

Breton Crisis

Answer 18

• Brittany could be swallowed by france
• This would mean french control the entire coast
• Forced henry to adopt an agressive policy
• Both Spain and HRE backed down
• Brittany was taken , However, Etaples was favourable to england

Question 18

treaty of Redon 1489

Answer 18

• Henry sent 6,000 men to defend brittany
• The bretons paid for this themselves
• the small number indicates his unwillingness to join the conflict.

Question 19

1492 invasion of france

Answer 19

• By the time they arrived, campaigning season was almost over
• French king more interested in invading Italy
• Treaty of Etaples was favourable

Question 20

Treaty of Etaples

Answer 20

• Following 1492 invasion of france
• France will not aid english rebels
• HVII gained an annual pension of around £5000 a year

Question 21

League of Venice 1495

Answer 21

Aimed to drive france out of italy

Excluded england, as england wasn’t involved in the italian wars

Question 22

Holy League 1496

Answer 22

• revamped League of Venice
• Henry invited as Ferdinand was afraid england would support france
• Henry joined on condition he was not bound to go to war w france: england was allowed to remain neutral.

Question 23

What did Henry also secure at the same time as Joining the Holy league 1496

Answer 23

Trade agreement w france

Question 24

What 3- way agreement did henry try to create towards the end of his reign and why did it fail

Answer 24

• England, France and Netherlands. In an Anti - Ferdinand alliance.
• Louis Of france was too scared of antagonising ferdinand after they came to an agreement over italy

Question 25

England was isolated from the league created in 1508, which was anti - venice.

This was fine because?

Answer 25

• The members still supported Henry
• The league didn’t threaten any of England’s Interests

Question 26

Did Scotland like Henry or Richard III more

Answer 26

Henry

Question 27

Following JIII’s assassination, What did Henry do to improve scottish relations

Answer 27

• maintained contacts with scottish nobility , led by Earl of Angus who favoured English relations
• 1492 , aided a coup which put Angus , and pro- english back into power
• resulted in a 9 year truce in 1493

Question 28

What happened in scotland 1495

Answer 28

James IV came of age, wanted to go to war against traditional enemy.
Warbeck also landed in scotland that year and married James;s cousin.

Question 29

How did Perkin Warbeck’s 1496 invasion go

Answer 29

• invaded from scotland
• got no support in england
• James realises hes of limited value
• James does not take advantage of the cornish rising
• Truce of Ayton Signed 1497

Question 30

When / What is the Truce of Ayton

Answer 30

1497
Peace treaty w scotland following warbeck’s failed 1496 invasion

Became a full treaty in 1499 with the execution of warbeck

Over 100 years since the last scottish peace treaty, making it a huge achievement.

Question 31

2 reasons the Auld alliance didn’t live up to it’s name “perpetual peace”

Answer 31

• scottish border raids continued
• James’s expansion of his navy caused tensions in Henry’s late reign

Question 32

Who did Henry VII’s Eldest daughter marry and when

Answer 32

1503 - Margaret married James IV