1.4: Conformity to social roles Flashcards
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks)
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
What is conformity to social roles therefore a useful way of doing?
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
First AO3 PEEL paragraph
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
Example
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
Second AO3 PEEL paragraph
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
Example
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners.
What does this do?
This challenges and invalidates Zimbardo’s research and thus his conclusion that participants were conforming to social roles
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners.
This challenges and invalidates Zimbardo’s research and thus his conclusion that participants were conforming to social roles.
Third AO3 PEEL paragraph
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that another weakness of Zimbardo’s study is the role of dispositional influences
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners.
This challenges and invalidates Zimbardo’s research and thus his conclusion that participants were conforming to social roles.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that another weakness of Zimbardo’s study is the role of dispositional influences.
Fromm (1973) accused Zimbardo of exaggerating the power of the situation to influence behaviour and minimising the role of personality factors (dispositional factors)
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners.
This challenges and invalidates Zimbardo’s research and thus his conclusion that participants were conforming to social roles.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that another weakness of Zimbardo’s study is the role of dispositional influences.
Fromm (1973) accused Zimbardo of exaggerating the power of the situation to influence behaviour and minimising the role of personality factors (dispositional factors).
Example
For example, only about 1/3 of the guards behaved in a brutal manner, another third were keen on applying the rules fairly and the rest actively tried to help and support the prisoners, sympathising with them, reinstating privileges and offering them cigarettes (Zimbardo, 2007)
Discuss conformity to social roles (16 marks).
Each social situation has its own social norms, expected ways for individuals to behave, which will vary from situation to situation.
Individuals learn how to behave by looking at the social roles other people play in such situations and then conforming to them.
These learned social roles become like internal mental scripts, allowing individuals to behave appropriately in different settings.
Conformity to social roles therefore involves identification.
With each social role adopted, behaviour changes to fit the social norms of that situation, so as an individual moves to another social situation, their behaviour will change to suit the new social norms, played out through a different social role.
Conformity to social roles is therefore a useful way of understanding and predicting social behaviour, which brings a reassuring sense of order to our social interactions.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that there is research support for conformity to social roles.
For example, Zimbardo found that both the prisoners and guards quickly identified with their social roles. Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners.
The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands.
The prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role.
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that However, Zimbardo’s research has a lack of research support.
For example, Reicher and Haslam (2006) partially replicated the Stanford prison experiment and the findings were very different to those of Zimbardo’s, because it was the prisoners who eventually took control of the mock prison and subjected the guards to a campaign of harassment and disobedience.
Reicher and Haslam used social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) to explain this outcome and argued that the guards failed to develop a shared social identity as a cohesive group, but that the prisoners did.
They actively identified themselves as members of a social group that refused to accept the limits of their assigned role as prisoners.
This challenges and invalidates Zimbardo’s research and thus his conclusion that participants were conforming to social roles.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that another weakness of Zimbardo’s study is the role of dispositional influences.
Fromm (1973) accused Zimbardo of exaggerating the power of the situation to influence behaviour and minimising the role of personality factors (dispositional factors).
For example, only about 1/3 of the guards behaved in a brutal manner, another third were keen on applying the rules fairly and the rest actively tried to help and support the prisoners, sympathising with them, reinstating privileges and offering them cigarettes (Zimbardo, 2007).
What does this suggest?
This suggests that situational factors are not the only cause of conformity to social roles and that dispositional factors also play a role, because the differences in the guards’ behaviour indicate that they were able to exercise right and wrong choices, despite the situational pressures to conform to a role
