1.4, 1.5

Question 1

exocrine

Answer 1

communication from inside of cell to outside of body ie. pheromones

Question 2

Phytohormones

Answer 2

plant hormones. May mimic hormones in human body and can influence NE system

Question 3

Phytohormone example

Answer 3

auxins - change plant direction facing sun

Question 4

Phytoestrogens example

Answer 4

soy

Question 5

Definition of true hormones

Answer 5

1. chem messengers 2. synth in ductless endo glands 3. secreted into blood stream 4. act on specific target receptors 5. specific actions in target cells

Question 6

neurohormones

Answer 6

released by neurosecretory cells via posterior pituitary into circulation or via portal system into a. pit

Question 7

examples of neurohormones released by p. pit, into where

Answer 7

oxytocin and vasopressin; directly to circulation

Question 8

examples of neurohormones released by p. pit, via X, into a. pit

Answer 8

portal system into a. pit; hypothalmic releasing hormones

Question 9

neurotransmitters def

Answer 9

released by presynaptic nerve cells into a synapse; stimulate receptors on postsynaptic nerve cells

Question 10

examples of NTs

Answer 10

Ach; Dopamine, Adrenaline, serotonin

Question 11

Pheromones definition

Answer 11

volatile chemical messengers, synthesized in exo/duct glands, secreted into environment

Question 12

what to pheromones do

Answer 12

act on other individuals, usually of same spp through smell or taste; alter behaviour

Question 13

effects of pheromones are called

Answer 13

releaser effeects (alteration of behaviour) and effcts on neuroendocrine system (primer effects

Question 14

parahormones def

Answer 14

hormone like substances not necessarily produced in endocrine glands but have many of same characteristics of hormone

Question 15

parahormone examples

Answer 15

histamine, prostoglandins, vit. D

Question 16

prohormone def

Answer 16

large peptide molecules that can be processed into other hormones OR steroid hormones converted into bioactive steroids

Question 17

LPM prohormone example

Answer 17

beta endorpin, beta lipotropin

Question 18

steroid prohormone example

Answer 18

testosterone to estrogen

Question 19

Growth factor definition

Answer 19

hormone like substances which promote growth of body or brain tissue

Question 20

growth factor examples

Answer 20

NGF nerve EGF epidermal

Question 21

cytokines def

Answer 21

hormone like factors that are produced and released by lymphocytes, macrophages, other cells. function to regulate immune activity

Question 22

example of cytokine

Answer 22

interferon Y, interleukins

Question 23

adipokines def

Answer 23

chemical messengers released from fat cells

Question 24

adipokine def

Answer 24

leptin

Question 25

vitamins def

Answer 25

chemicals which regulate metabolism, growth, dev in body. synth in body and has hormone properties

Question 26

hormone physiological regulater problem with def

Answer 26

not all regulators are hormones ie. CO2, Glucose

Question 27

problems with defs of hormone

Answer 27

draw table

Question 28

difference between neurotransmitter and neuromodulator

Answer 28

1. NMs can be released by neural or non neural cells 2. NT acts trans synaptically while NMs do not, 3. NTs normaly amines, NMs usually peptides

Question 29

Draw nitric oxide as an NT

Answer 29

see image

Question 30

Explain nitric oxide as a neurotransmitter

Answer 30

see image

Question 31

name the neurotransmitters

Answer 31

6; see table

Question 32

name the neurohormones

Answer 32

6; see table

Question 33

name the neuropeptides

Answer 33

6; see table

Question 34

name the hormones

Answer 34

8; see table

Question 35

name the growth factors

Answer 35

5; see table