1.4 Flashcards
What makes up the scalp?
(S)kin
(C)onnective tissue (dense)
(A)lponeurosis
(L)oose conncective tissue
(P)ericranium
Describe the skin layer of the scalp.
Glands - sweat and sebaceous glands
Hair follicles
Rich arterial, venous, and lymph supply
Describe the connective tissue layer of the scalp.
Vascular and nerve supply
Dense
Describe the aponeurosis layer of the scalp.
tendinous
connects occipitalis and frontalis muscles
Describe the loose connective tissue layer of the scalp.
loose
allows movement
swelling passes easily
Describe the pericranium layer of the scalp.
external periosteum
What lies under the scalp?
Meningeal layer:
- dura mater
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
Osteology of the skull and face
Neurocranium (head)
- bony case for the brain
- calvaria (skull bones)
- cranial base
- cranial meninges
Viscerocranium (face)
- anterior part of the cranium
- bones surrounding the mouth, nose, and orbits
List the bones of the neurocranium
frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
occipital
temporal
parietal
List the bones of the viscerocranium
mandible
ethmoid
inferior nasal conchae
vomer
lacrimal
maxillae
zygomatic
palatine
Parts of the ethmoid
superior and middle concha
cribiform plate
crista gali
ethmoid sinuses
Parts of the sphenoid
- greater wing
- lesser wing
- anterior clinoid process
- hypophyseal fossa
lateral and medial plates of the pterygoid process
Parts of the occipital bone
occipital protuberance
superior nuchal line
occipital condyles
Parts of the temporal bone
sygomatic process
external acoustic meatus
mastoid process
styloid process
parts of the mandible
coronoid process
head and neck of condyloid process
mandibular foramen
ramus
body
angle
mental foramen
mental tubercles
mental protuberance
pterygoid fovea
Parts of the maxilla
frontal process
zygomatic process
palatine process
Parts of the tooth
crown - above gingival surface
neck - embedded within oral mucosa
root - embedded within maxilla or mandible
What are the muscles of facial expression
- occipitofrontalis
- orbicularis oculi
- orbicularis oris
- buccinator
- platysma
What artery supplies to the face and scalp
external carotid artery
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
(S)uperior thyroid artery
(A)scending pharyngeal artery
(L)ingual artery
(F)acial artery
(O)ccipital artery
(P)osterior auricular artery
(M)axillary artery
(S)uperficial temporal artery
Describe the facial a.
supplies most of the anterior face
has inferior and superior labial branches (lips)
Describe temporal a
supplies structures over temporal, parietal, and frontal bones
Describe occipital a
supplies posterior scalp
What are the nerves of the face?
Trigeminal CN V
- V1: opthalmic division
- V2: maxillary division
- V3: mandibular division
Branches of C2: greater occipital n
Branches of C3: transverse cervial n., great auricular n., lesser occipital n.
