13.3 Pancreas

Question 1

Pancreas has both

Answer 1

Endocrine and exocrine function

Question 2

Pancreas sits

Answer 2

Inferior and deep (posterior/dorsal) to your stomach

Question 3

Pancreas exocrine functions

Answer 3

Associated with digestion
- duct to small intestine
- digestive enzymes
- bicarbonate

Question 4

Digestive enzymes are produced

Answer 4

Acini

Question 5

Islets of Langerhan’s have

Answer 5

Alpha (produce glucagon, endocrine hormone, raises blood glucose)

Beta cells (release insulin, endocrine hormone, lowers blood glucose)

Question 6

Insulin feedback loop

Answer 6

Blood glucose raises from meal
Pancreas Release insulin
Tissues take up glucose (stored as glycogen or triglyceride fat)
Blood glucose reduces
Insulin stops releasing

Question 7

Diabetes term means

Answer 7

Overproduction of urine

Question 8

Diabetes mellitus caused by

Answer 8

Too much glucose in the blood

Question 9

Type 1

Answer 9

Insulin dependent
Autoimmune (destroyed own islets)
Can’t produce insulin
GAD65

Question 10

Type 2

Answer 10

Insulin resistance
damage to membrane receptor Glut4
Inflammatory response
Caused by Obesity, refined carbs, low fitness

Question 11

Without glut4

Answer 11

No amount of insulin will let glucose in the cell, remains in blood stream

Question 12

Increased blood glucose causes

Answer 12

Increased lipid catabolism (ketoacidosis)

Microvascular damage (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy)

Macrovascular damage (atherosclerosis, heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke)

Overwhelms reabsorption in kidneys (dehydration)