1.3.2

Question 1

Database

Answer 1

A persistent , organised store of related data

Question 2

Flat file Database

Answer 2

A single table that can be set up in a spreadsheet

Only suitable for very simple data handling requirements

Question 3

Relational Database

Answer 3

Data is stored in seperate tables each of which represent a single entity. Tables are linked via common attributes to form relationships

Question 4

Primary Key

Answer 4

The unique identifier

Question 5

Secondary Key

Answer 5

Used to enable a database to be searched quickly

Question 6

Foreign Key

Answer 6

The attribute which links two tables together

Question 7

Entity Relationship Modelling

Answer 7

One-to-one :
Husband —— Wife
One-to-many :
Doctor —-<Patients
Many-to-Many :
Customers >—-Products

Question 8

Normalisation

Answer 8

The process of coming up with the best possible design for a relational database

Question 9

First Normal Form

Answer 9

-No attribute can contain more than one single value

Question 10

Second Normal Form

Answer 10

-Is in 1NF
-No partial dependencies

Question 11

Third Normal Form

Answer 11

-Is in 2NF
-Contains no non-key dependencies

Question 12

Indexing

Answer 12

Method used to store the position of each record when ordered by a certain attribute

Used to look up and access data quickly

Question 13

Capturing Data

Answer 13

Before data is added to a database , it must be captured or input

Question 14

Selecting and Managing Data

Answer 14

Selecting only relevant data
Data can be managed using SQL

Question 15

Exchanging Data

Answer 15

The process of transferring the data that has been collected

Question 16

Referential Integrity

Answer 16

The process of ensuring consistency within a database

Question 17

Transaction Processing

Answer 17

A single operation executed on data and must be processed in line with ACID

Question 18

Atomicity

Answer 18

A transaction must be processed either entirely or not at all

Question 19

Consistency

Answer 19

A transaction must keep the referential integrity rules between linked tables

Question 20

Isolation

Answer 20

Simultaneous execution of transactions must lead to the same result

Question 21

Durability

Answer 21

Once a transaction has been executed it will remain so even if for example , power is switched off

Question 22

Record Locking

Answer 22

The process of preventing simultaneous access of records in a database in order to prevent inconsistencies

Question 23

Redundancy

Answer 23

The process of having one or more copies of the data in physically different locations