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IB 131 midterm 2 > 13.1 Peripheral nervous MEMORIZE SLIDES 54, 55, 75 > Flashcards

13.1 Peripheral nervous MEMORIZE SLIDES 54, 55, 75 Flashcards

1
Q

Special somatic senses

A

Hearing
Balance/equilibrium
Vision

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2
Q

Special visceral senses

A

Chemical:
Gustation
Olfaction

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3
Q

Visceral motor division

A

=Autonomic nervous system

Has parasympathetic and sympathetic

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4
Q

Somatic sensory

A

Special somatic senses:
hearing
balance
vision

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5
Q

Visceral sensory

A

Special visceral senses: chemical senses
Gustation
Olfaction

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6
Q

Sensory receptor according to location

Exteroreceptors

A

Near body surface

Stimulations outside of body

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7
Q

Sensory receptor according to location

Interoreceptors

A

Receive stimuli from internal viscera

Detect chemicals
Taste
Stretching of tissues
Temperature

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8
Q

Sensory receptor according to location

Proprioceptors

A

Located in skeletal muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments

Detect degree of stretch

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9
Q

Sensory receptor according to stimulus

Mechanoreceptors

A

Respond to touch, stretch, vibration, itch

Baroreceptors monitor blood pressure

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10
Q

Sensory receptor according to stimulus

Thermoreceptors

A

Respond to temperature changes
Capsaicin receptors
Menthol receptors

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11
Q

Sensory receptor according to stimulus

Chemoreceptors

A

Respond to chemicals in solution

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12
Q

Sensory receptor according to stimulus

Photoreceptors

A

In eyes

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13
Q

Sensory receptor according to stimulus

Nociopreceptors

A

Pain

Potentialy damaging stimuli

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14
Q

Sensory receptor according to structure

Uncapsulated with free nerve endings

A

Abundant in epithelia underlying connective tissue and other tissues
Respond to pain and temperature

MERKEL DISCS, epithelial tactile complexes: modified free nerve endings which consists of tactile epitheliel cell in basal layer of epidermis which is innervated by sensory nerve ending
Hair follicle receptors wrap around hair follicles

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15
Q

Sensory receptor according to structure

Encapsulated nerve endings

A

Capsule of connective tissue

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16
Q

Sensory receptor according to structure
Encapsulated nerve endings
Tactile (Meissner’s) copuscles

A

Dermal papillae for discriminative touch and low frequency vibration of fingetips, nipples, external genitalia

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17
Q

Sensory receptor according to structure
Encapsulated nerve endings
Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles

A

Hypodermis, dermis, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, periostea for deep pressure, stretch and high frequency vibration

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18
Q 
Sensory receptor according to structure
Encapsulated nerve endings
Bublbous corpuscles (Ruffini endings)
A

Deep dermis, hypodermis, joint capsules -> pressure and stretch

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19
Q

Sensory receptor according to structure
Encapsulated nerve endings
Proprioceptors

A

Monitor stretch of locomotor organs

20
Q

Propioceptors

Muscle spindles

A

Measure changing length of muscle
Embeded in perimysium between fascicles
Modified skeletal muscles, intrafusal muscle fibers, innervated by sensory fibers

21
Q

Propioceptors

Tendon organs

A

Monitor tension with tendons

22
Q

Propioceptors

Joint kinesthetic receptors

A

Sensory nerve endings within joint capsules

23
Q

Cranial neves

A

Pass through foramina of skull
Numbered I-X!!
Vagus nerve is only cranial nerve that extends to abdomen

24
Q

Cranial nerve nuclei locations

A 
Forebrain: I, II
Midbrain: III, IV
Pons: V, VI, VII
Medulla: VIII, IX, X, XII
Spinal cord: XI accessory nerves formed from ventral rootlets of spinal cord
25
Q

Medulla

CN VIII

A

Vestibuloicochlear nerve

Associated brain nuclei are sensory vestibular nuclear complex and sensory cochlear nuclei

26
Q

Medulla

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Associated nuclei are nucleus ambiguus (motor) and solitary nucleus (sensory)

27
Q

Medulla

CN X

A

Vagus nerve

Associated brain nuclei are dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, nucleus ambiguous and solitary nucleus (sensory)

28
Q

Medulla

CN XII

A

Hypoglassal nerve

Associated brain nucleus is hypoglossal nucleus (motor)

29
Q

Pons

CN V

A

Trigeminal nerve: trigeminal motor nucleus and trigeminal sensory nucleus

30
Q

Pons

CN VI

A

Abducens nerve

31
Q

Pons

CN VII

A

Facial nerve: facial nerve nucleus is motor and nervus intermedius is sensory

32
Q

Midbrain

Periaqueductal gray matter

A

Most ventral part of periaqueductal gray matter contains motor neuron cell bodies to CN III (oculomotor) nuclei and CN IV (trochlear) nuclei

CN IV is only CN that emerges from dorsal bainstem; it emerges just caudal to inferior colliculus

33
Q

Primarily or exclusively sensory nerves I, II, III

A

Special sensory fibers for smell (I), vision (II), and hearing and equilibrium (VIII)

34
Q

Exclusively motor nerves: III, IV, VI, XI, XII

A

Contain somatic motor fibers for skeletal muscles of eye (III, IV, VI), neck (XI), and tongue (XII)

35
Q

Mixed motor/sensory nerves

A

V: chewing muscles
VII: facial expression muscles
IX
X

36
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory nerve

CN I is sensory nerve for smell that runs through cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

37
Q

CN II

A

Optic nerve runs through optic canal of orbit

38
Q

CN III

A

The oculomotor nerve innervates four of the extrinsic eye muscles: inferior oblique, superior rectus, inferior rectus & medial rectus

Runs through superior orbital fissure

39
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear nerve innervate superior oblique muscle (extrinsic eye muscle) runs through superior orbital fissure

40
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal nerves
Largest of cranial nerves
Chewing!
Opthalamic division V1: through superior orbital fissure
Maxiallary division V2: through foramen rotundum
Mandibular division V3: through formanen ovale
Cell bodies of sensory neurons located in trigeminal ganglion
Mandibular division contains motor fibers that innervate chewing

41
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens nerves
Abducts the eyeball by innervation of lateral rectus muscle
runs through superior orbital fissure

42
Q

CN VII

A

Facial nerves
facial expression
Enters temporal bone via inernal acoustic meatus
Chordi tympani branch (taste) runs through stylomastoid foramen

43
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear nerves
Hearing balance
Passes through internal acoustic meatus and enters into inner ear of temporal bone

44
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal nerves
Innervates tongue and pharynx
Runs through jugular foramen

45
Q

CN X

A 
Vagus nerve
Mixed sensory and motor nerve
Through jugular formane
Extends into thorax and abdomen
Parasympathetic innervation of organs
46
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory nerves
Fromed from ventral nerves are formed from ventral rootlets of spinal cord C1-C5 so has features of both cranial and spinal nerves

Does not arise from brain stem
Enters skull as accessory nerve through foramen magnum and exits through jugular formaen and innervate trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

47
Q

CN XII

A

Innervates tongue muscles
Runs through hypoglossal canal
Inferior to tongue

IB 131 midterm 2 (6 decks)

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