130 Part 2

Question 1

What is a psychological assumption about crime?

Answer 1

Crime comes from bad mental processes within the personality

Question 2

What is the difference between structural and instrumental Marxism?

Answer 2

Structural - the State acts to maintain the stability of the capitalist system
Instrumental - the State is a tool for the ruling class to further their own interests

Question 3

Explain drift theory.

Answer 3

Youth drift in and out of opportunity and neutralization situations
* opportunities come and go

Question 4

What do social control theories say? What is the key question?

Answer 4

Failure/lack of social control leads to criminal behavior
Why do people obey the rules instead of breaking them?

Question 5

What do social disorganization theories say?

Answer 5

Based on structural functionalism assumptions
• lack of social structures necessary for order/control
• disjunction of social structures causes disjunction in the social’s ability to maintain balance in social structures
• social unable to adapt to new structural changes

Question 6

What are the ideas of labeling theory? (5)

Answer 6

• Primary deviance
• secondary deviance
• tagging (community defines someone as bad)
• stigmatic shaming (reaction by society that destroys bond)
• reintegrative shaming (reaction by society that strengthens bond)

Question 7

What are the 5 adaptations to social strain?

Answer 7

Conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, rebellion

Question 8

Explain agency vs structure

Answer 8

How much control does a single person have?
The structure?

Question 9

Explain micro vs macro

Answer 9

Problems with individual
Problems with structure

Question 10

Define domination.

Answer 10

Probability that certain specific commands will be obeyed by a given group of persons