Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CRJ 100 & 130 > 130 Final > Flashcards

130 Final Flashcards

1
Q

Social

A

A group’s collective features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social structure

A

Patterns of behavior/sentiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social order

A

Predictability of social structures
When there is enough agreement among people to create, maintain, and alter patterns of interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Structural functionalism

A

Structures are balanced and are interdependent, organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Organic/mechanical solidarity

A

Organic: division of labor, not collective conscience but still solidarity because you depend on different systems)
Mechanical: collective conscience, shared solidarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Systemic interdependence

A

Different systems work interdependently and make up a large system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symbolic interaction

A

We’re not dogs because we have symbols, self as object, learn meanings from interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Shared pragmatic meanings

A

Shared understanding of symbols that individuals develop through interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Identity and self as source of morality

A

A person’s sense of self (values) influence their moral compass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Conflict

A

Competition over resources is the underlying aspect of all relationships, resources = power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Power/material & ideological dominance

A

The king has material, so he’s in charge
The king was chosen by God, so he’s in charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Behaviorism

A

Stimulus → response, associative learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Social exchange theory

A

• Rewards (pleasures, satisfactions, gratifications)
• Resources (any commodities, material or symbolic)
• Costs (energy invested and rewards missed because of the behavior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Perspectives of justice

A

Just deserts, social equality, social order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Defensible space

A

A place that can be cared for against social pathologies (deviant behaviors, family issues, economic issues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nothing works doctrine

A

Rehabilitation programs for offenders are ineffective and a waste of time and money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rational choice

A

Individuals make calculated decisions to commit crimes by weighing the potential benefits against the potential costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Seductions and emotions of crime

A

Criminals are attracted to the thrill, excitement, and sense of power that crime can provide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Situational choice

A

Focuses on reducing crime opportunities by changing the environment and making crime less appealing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sublimation

A

Symbolic fulfillment of drives and desires, living vicariously through something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Personality theories

A

Psychopathy, anti-social

22
Q

Modeling theory

A

Monkey see, monkey do

23
Q

Attachment theory (secure & resistant)

A

Secure: develops when mother is supportive/available
Anxious-avoidant & resistant: develops when rejection and parental support are not felt, leads to anxiety

24
Q

Self-control theory

A

Humans can defer to the developed skill of delayed gratification
Low self-control plus opportunity and minimal constraints increases likelihood of crime

25
Q

Anomie

A

A feeling of alienation caused by inability to achieve societal goals that can result in criminal behavior

26
Q

Strain - relative deprivation

A

Social emphasis on goals with disproportionate means to obtain those goals
Relative deprivation: relative to society, some areas need means that aren’t needed in others

27
Q

Structural anomie

A

Overemphasis on social goals over means or vice versa

28
Q

Opportunity theory

A

Subcultures are response to lack of legitimate means and/or illegitimate means

29
Q

Subculture theories (strain)

A

Subculture is the result of strain
“Let’s do this innovation together”

30
Q

Social learning - differential association

A

Criminal behavior is learned through significant interaction

31
Q

Social learning - differential association-reinforcement

A

Learned from those who can punish/reinforce you, balance of punishment/reinforcement (not significance of relationship)

32
Q

Social learning - differential identification

A

Identifies with a person with criminal behavior

33
Q

Role theories

A

People’s roles influence their likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior

34
Q

Social control theories

A

Failure/lack of social control leads to criminal behavior
“Why do people obey, instead of break them?”

35
Q

Neutralization theory

A

People need to accept rationalizations to break the law, so society has to control rationalization by making things sound bad

36
Q

Containment theory (external & internal)

A

Crime occurs when individuals can’t resist social pressures to commit crime
External: power from group, surveillance
Internal: qualities of an individual that help resist goals

37
Q

Control-balance theory

A

An imbalance between individual’s control over others and other’s control over individual

38
Q

Social bond theory

A

Good socialization is when an individual forms a bond with other individuals and social groups
Without, deviance/crime may result
A.C.I.B.

39
Q

Marxist/economic theory

A

Contradictions in capitalism lead to oppression of labor resulting in natural conflict of interests between owner and labor

40
Q

Discrimination theories

A

The designation of deviance and/or deviants is an exercise of power to maintain higher statuses/class

41
Q

Feminist theory

A

Women are labeled differently due to structures, women are discriminated against, women and men are unique species that naturally conflict

42
Q

Subculture theories

A

Deviance stems from groups that form due to a natural opposition to “the man”

43
Q

Labeling

A

Labeling inhibits bonds, if you tell someone they’re a criminal they’ll become one

44
Q

Primary/secondary deviance

A

P: undertaken to solve immediate problem or need
S: committed while playing a role given to the individual

45
Q

Mores/folkways

A

Mores: social norms that are morally significant
Folkways: everyday customs that are less serious

46
Q

Sacred/profane

A

Sacred: great significance, laws and unwritten rules
Profane: little significance to collective morality, unimportant

47
Q

Social process/interaction perspective

A

Criminal and non-criminal behavior is a result of interactions with social objects, mostly significant ones
What happened to a person to make them commit a crime?

48
Q

Authority

A

Rational, traditional, charismatic

49
Q

Social solidarity

A

A bond to a group (society)

50
Q

Routine activities

A

A crime occurs when a potential criminal finds an attractive target with no one to prevent them from commiting a crime

CRJ 100 & 130 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions