13) the imperative and subjunctive mood and passive voice Flashcards
imperative?
conveys a command or request
how to form imperative mood?
most are the same as present tense conjugation
take your coat
prends ton manteau
go see at the reception if somebody found your keys
allez voir a la reception si personne a trouve vos cles
go and see at the reception if person has found your keys
be braver
sois plus courageux
be more braver
manger - imperative? 1st group
tu mange! (no ‘s’ needed)
nous mangeons!
vous mangez!
2nd group verbs - imperative - finir?
finis!
finissons!
finissez!
3rd group verbs - imperative? - dormir, voir
dors, vois
dormons, voyons
dormez, voyez
3rd group aux - pouvoir, vouloir, devoir - imperative?
generally never conjugated in the imperative
falloir - imperative?
cannot be conjugated in the imperative
savoir imperative?
sache
sachons
sachez
etre imperative?
sois swa soyons swayo soyez swaye
avoir imperative?
aie e ayons eyo ayez eye
aller imperative?
va
allons
allez
(croire) ce que tu veux, ce n’est pas moi qui ai pris ton ordinateur
crois
believe what you think, i wasn’t the one who took your computer
tu dois prendre des forces: …(manger) plus de soupe!
mange
you’ve got to gain more strength: eat more soup!
…(etre) plus forts contre l’adversite!
soyons
let us be stronger against adversity!
subjunctive mood expresses?
wishes, suggestions or desires
verbs in subjunctive mood are always preceded by?
que
-aimer que, conditional (would like)
i would like all of us to be able to go to the cinema together - nous
j’aimerais que nous puissions aller au cinema tous ensemble
i would like that we can go to cinema all together
-souihater que, conditional (wish)
he’d prefer that we get that matter wrapped up as fast as possible - nous
il souhaiterait que nous en terminions avec cette affaire le plus rapidement possible
he would like that we to end with that affair the most quickly possible
subjunctive verbs expressing doubt, desire, possibility
aimer souhaiter preferer esperer douter
-preferer que, conditional (prefer)
i’d rather you didn’t touch anything; i haven’t yet had these vases estimated - tu
je preferais que tu ne touches a rien: je n’ai pas encore fait estimer ces vases
i’d prefer that you not touch anything: i have not still done estimate these vases
-esperer que, conditional (hope)
they were hoping that their boss would give them a raise, but to no avail
ils esperaient que leur patron leur donne une augmentation, mais en vain
they would hope that their boss their gives a raise, but in vain
- douter que, conditional (doubt)
we doubt he may come/ we doubt he is able to come - nous
nous doutons qu’il puisse venir
we doubt that he can come
- after impersonal connections meaning?
suggest obligation or necessary conditions are commonly followed by the subjunctive or infinitive depending on how it is worded
you have to be in top form for you job interview tomorrow - tu
il faut que (subj)
il faut que tu sois en forme poure ton entretien d’embauche demain (etre)
it is necessary that you be in shape for your interview of employment tomorrow
il faut (infinitive)
one must take precautions against the flu in winter
il faut prendre des precautions contre la grippe en hiver (prendre)
it is necessary take the precautions against the flu in winter
il est preferable que (subj)
it would be better if he took some time off
il est preferable qu’il prenne quelques jours de vacances
it is preferable that he take some days of vacation
il est preferable de (infinitive)
il est preferable de poser des questions si l’on n’a pas compris quelque chose
it is preferable of ask some questions if you have not understand something
il faut que/ il faut - similar to?
‘must’ - obligation
il est preferable que/ il est preferable de - literally means?
it is preferable to
il est necessaire que/ il est necessaire de - in comparison to il faut?
il faut is preferred and more common
il est (tres/ peu) probable que - means?
it is (very/ hardly) likely that
exclusively used with que and a subjunctive
conjugations manger/ chanter? je, tu, il,elle
take off the -r
que je mange, que je chante
que tu manges, que tu chantes
qu’il mange, qu’il chante
conjugations manger, chanter? nous, vous, ils
que nous mangions, chantions +ions
que vous mangiez, chantiez
qu’ils mangent, chantent
conjugations aller?
que j'aille/jay que tu ailles/ tu ay qu'il aile/ il ay que nous allions/ nous-alyo que vous alliez/ vous-alye qu'ils ailent/ ilz-ay
2nd group verbs conjugations
finir/choisir
que je finisse que je choisisse qu'il finisse qu'il choisisse que nous finissions que nous choissions que vous finissiez que vous choissiez qu'ils finissent qu'ils choisisses
that I finish that I choose that he finishes let him choose that we finish that we choose for you to finish that you choose that they finish that they choose
conjugations - dormir/ courir/ sentir
take off the -ir and add the endings you have seen so far
que je dorme que tu dormes qu'il dorme que nous dormions que vous dormiez qu'ils dorment
that I sleep that you sleep that he sleeps that we sleep that you sleep that they sleep
conjugations - voir
take off the -r and conjugate as dormir but remember to add ‘i’ for nous and vous
que je voie que tu voies qu'il voie que nous voyions que vous voyiez qu'ils voient
that I see that you see that he sees that we see that you see that they see
conjugations - apprendre/prendre/surprendre
radical turns into prenn(e) and pren-
que je prenne que tu prennes qu'il prenne que nous prenions que vous preniez qu'ils prennent
that I take that you take that he takes that we take that you take that they take
conjugations - vendre
radical turns into vend(e)
que je vende que tu vendes qu'il vende que nous vendions que vous vendiez qu'ils vendient
that I sell for you to sell that he sells that we sell that you sell that they sell
conjugations - venir
irregular radicals
que je vienne que tu viennes qu'il vienne que nous venions que vous veniez qu'ils venient
that I come that you come that he comes that we come that you come that they come
conjugations - devoir
irregular radicals
que je doive que tu doives qu'il doive que nous devions que vous deviez qu'ils doivent
that I must that you must he must that we must that you must they must
conjugations - savoir
turns into sach(e)
que je sache que tu saches qu'il sache que nous sachions que vous sachiez qu'ils sachient
that I know of that you know that he knows that we know that you know that they know
conjugations - vouloir
irregular radicals
que je veuille que tu veuilles qu'il veuille que nous voulions que vous vouliez qu'ils veuillent
that I want that you want that he will that we want that you want that they will
conjugations - pouvoir
turns into puiss(e)
que je puisse que tu puisses qu'il puisse que nous puissions que vous puissiez qu'ils puissent
that I may that you may that he may that we may that you may that they may
conjugations - faire
turns into fass(e)
que je fasse que tu fasses qu'il fasse que nous fassions que vous fassiez qu'ils fassent
that I do that you do that he does that we do that you do that they do
conjugations -dire, lire
the ‘r’ turns into an ‘s’
que je dise que tu dises qu'il dise que nous disions que vous disiez qu'ils disent
I say that you say he said that we say that you said that they say
conjugations - etre
que je sois que tu sois qu'il soit que nous soyons que vous soyez qu'ils soient
that I am that you are that he is that we are that you are that they are
conjugations - avoir
que j'aie que tu aies qu'il aie que nous ayons que vous ayez qu'ils aient
that I have that you have that he has that we have that you have that they have
