11) the present tense in french Flashcards
-1er groupe
verbs ending in -er except aller
to eat
manger
to speak/talk
parler
to arrive
arriver
to buy
acheter
to think
penser
to work
travailler
to visit
visiter
to look for, search for
chercher
to give
donner
to look like
resembler
-2eme group
verbs ending in -ir, except a couple that belong to the third category
to finish
finir
to choose
choisir
-3eme groupe
verbs with all other endings + some ending in -ir
to sleep
dormir
to come
venir
to feel, to smell
sentir
to run
courir
to see
voir
to have to, must
devoir
to know
savoir
to want
vouloir
to be able to; can
pouvoir
to have to, used in impersonal sentences
falloir
to learn
apprendre
to take, grasp
prendre
to wait
attendre
to sell
vendre
to do, make
faire
to drink
boire
to read
lire
to say
dire
to laugh
rire
auxillaries
to be
to have
to be
etre
to have
avoir
when i go to the supermarket, i always buy a bottle of water
quand je vais au supermarche, j’achete toujours une bouteille d’eau
when i go to supermarket, i buy always a bottle of water
i know what you are thinking about
je sais ce que tu penses
i know this that you think
i’m eating salad today
je mange de la salade aujord’hui
i eat of the salad today
i’m 22
j’ai vingt-deux ans
i have 22 years
i’m reading a very good book
je lis un tres bon livre
i read a very good book
i run every other morning
je cours le matin tous les deux jours
i run the morning every the second day
i have been working in england for four years now
cela fait maintenant quatre ans que je travaille en angleterre
this makes now 4 years that i work in england
1st group - manger/acheter
take the -r ending off
manger/acheter - je, tu, il
je mange, j’achete
tu manges, tu achetes (2nd person singular always needs an ‘s’)
il mange, il achete (for 1st group - 1st and 3rd person singular are the same)
manger/acheter - nous, vous, ils
nous mangeons, nous achetons (+ ons)
vous mangez/achetez (+ ez)
ils mangent/ ils achetent (+ ent)
rule for 1st group verbs?
take off the -r and add to the e: je: nothing tu: s il, elle: nothing nous: ons vous: ez ils, elles: ent
2nd group - finir, choisir - je, tu, il
delete the -r immediately (same as 1st group)
je finis/ je choisis (+s)
tu finis/ tu choisis (always needs +s)
il finit/ il choisit
finir, choisir - nous, vous, ils
nous finissons/ choisissons (+ssons)
vous finissez/ choisissez (+ssez)
ils finissent/ choisissent (+ssent)
2nd group verbs rules?
take off the -r and add: je: s tu: s il, elle: t nous: ssons vous: ssez ils, elles: ssent
3rd group: vendre/attendre - je, tu, il/elle
take off the -re ending from these verbs
je vends/ j’attends (+s)
tu vends/ tu attends (+s)
il vend/ il attend (nothing)
vendre/ attendre - nous, vous, ils/elles
nous vendons/ nous attendons (+ons)
vous vendez/ vous attendez (+ez)
ils vendent/ ils attendent (+ent)
prendre (exception) - nous, vous, ils/elles
nous prenons
vous prenez
ils prennent
3rd group overview rules?
-re je +s tu +s il,elle nothing nous +ons vous +ez ils,elles +ent
faire, lire, dire - je, tu, il
-re
je fais, je lis, je dis (+s)
tu fais, tu lis, tu dis (+s)
il fait, il lit, il dit (+t)
faire, lire, dire - nous, vous, ils
nous faisons, nous lisons, nous disons (+ons)
vous faites, vous lisez, vous dites (+ez except )
ils font, ils lisent, ils disent (+ent except *)
rire exception - nous, vous, ils
nous rions
vous riez
ils rient
faire/lire/dire - rule overview?
-re then je +s tu +s il +t nous +(s) ons vous + (s) ez ils (s) + ent
voir/savoir/vouloir - je, tu, il
je vais/ je sais/ je veux
tu vais/ tu sais/ tu veux
il vait/ il sait/ tu sait
voir/savoir/vouloir - nous, vous, ils
nous voyons/ nous savons/ nous voulons
vous voyez/ vous savez/ vous voulez
ils voient/ ils savent/ ils veulent
voir/savoir/vouloir - rule overview?
je +s/x tu +s/x il +t nous +(consonant) ons vous +(consonant) ez ils +(consonant) ent
aller - all of it
je vais tu vas il va nous allons vous allez ils vont
etre - to be, irregular, no matter the tense
je suis tu es (follows the 'e' in etre) "TU EHHH" il est nous sommes vous etes ils sont
all follow either s or e. SEESES pattern
avoir - to have, irregular no matter the tense
j'ai tu as (follows the 'a' in avoir) "TU AHHH" il a nous avons vous avez ils ont
all follow ‘a’ except ils
special case: to be doing something
etre en train de faire quelque chose
being in the process of doing something
i was doing my french exercises while he stormed into the room
j’etais en train de faire mes exercises de francais quand il est rentre en trombe dans la piece
i was in the process of doing my exercises of french when he returned storming into the room
i was
j’etais
my french exercise
mes exercises de francais
he returned
il est rentre
to storm into
rentrer en trombe (idomatic expression)
why are you always waving at the sky?
pourquoi es-tu en train de faire signe au ciel?
why are you in the process of doing waving at the sky?
he couldn’t hear you; he was loading the dishwasher into the car
il ne pouvait pas t’entendre, il etait en train de mettre le lave-vaisselle dans la voiture
he not could you hear, he was in the process of putting the dish washer in the car
room
piece, salle
to wave
faire signe
sky
ciel
hear you
t’entendre
washing machine (2 answers)
lave-linge
machine a laver
dishwasher
lave-vaiselle
to be hungry
avoir faim
j’ai faim
j’ai eu faim (i was hungry)
to be thirsty
avoir soif
j’ai soif
j’ai eu soif (i was thirsty)
to be tired
avoir sommeil/ etre fatigue
j’ai/ ai eu sommeil
to be afraid
avoir peur
j’ai peur
j’ai eu peur
to be right
avoir raison
j’ai raison/ j’ai eu raison
to be certain, sure
etre certian(e), sur(e)
to believe
croire, penser
to think
penser
to suppose
supposer
to understand
comprendre
to know
savoir
to decide
decider
je ne (comprendre) pas ce qu’il a voulu dire
comprends
i dont understand what he meant
il (penser) qu’il faut plutot que nous restions ici
pense
he thinks we better stay here
nous (croire) ce que tu nous dis
croyons
we believe what you tell us
(supposer)-vous qu’il rentrera tard ce soir
supposez
do you suppose he’ll come back late tonight?
je (savoir) ce que j’ai vuy
sais
i know what i saw
want to say/ to mean
vouloir dire
it is necessary that + subjunctive
il faut que
french subjunctive?
The French subjunctive is a special verb form, called a mood, that is used in dependent clauses to indicate some sort of subjectivity, uncertainty, or unreality in the mind of the speaker.
In French, feelings like doubt and desire require the subjunctive, as do expressions of necessity, possibility, and judgment.
in passing
en passant
rather, as in
plutot
i rather prefer staying at home
je prefere plutot rester a la maison
i prefer rather staying at the house
at home
a la maison
late
tard
to come back
revenir
to come back (someone/something coming back inside of a place - back home, back inside a building etc)
rentrer
tonight
ce soir
to see (passe compose - i saw)
j’ai vu
