13 Special Senses

Question 1

auditory ossicles

Answer 1

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 2

five major tastes

Answer 2

salt, sweet, sour, bitter, and umami (savory)

Question 3

papillae

Answer 3

small projections on the tongue, many of which contain taste buds

Question 4

binocular vision

Answer 4

vision using two eyes with overlapping fields of view, allowing good perception of depth

Question 5

optic nerve

Answer 5

carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Question 6

olfactory epithelium

Answer 6

a thin layer of tissue within the nasal cavity that contains hair-like cilia

Question 7

equilibrium

Answer 7

the state of balance, sensed in the inner ear through the movement of fluid in the semicircular canals

Question 8

sclera

Answer 8

white of the eye

Question 9

cataracts

Answer 9

common in older people, the lens becomes cloudy which affects vision

Question 10

otitis media

Answer 10

middle ear infection, common in children

Question 11

tinnitus

Answer 11

ringing or buzzing in the ears

Question 12

tears drain

Answer 12

into the nasolacrimal duct and then into the nasal cavity

Question 13

retina

Answer 13

the light sensitive layer of the eye, contains rods and cones

Question 14

Meniere’s disease

Answer 14

a disorder of the inner ear causing severe dizziness, tinnitus, and ear pain; the dizziness may be so severe the person can lose their balance and fall

Question 15

tympanic membrane

Answer 15

eardrum

Question 16

cones

Answer 16

detect bright light and allow for color vision

Question 17

rods

Answer 17

detect dim light and black, white, and gray

Question 18

farsightedness

Answer 18

hyperopia, the image is focused on an area beyond the retina

Question 19

nearsightedness

Answer 19

myopia, the point of focus does not reach the retina

Question 20

presbyopia

Answer 20

inability to focus close up as a result of aging

Question 21

astigmatism

Answer 21

focus problems caused by the shape of the cornea

Question 22

macular degeneration

Answer 22

a leading cause of age related vision problems, it is a disease that destroys central vision

Question 23

retinal detachment

Answer 23

the retina is pulled away from it’s normal position, often the first symptom is seeing floaters, specks, or “cobwebs” in the field of vision

Question 24

color blindness

Answer 24

usually genetic, and more common in men, the ability to perceive color is impaired

Question 25

conjunctivitis

Answer 25

commonly called pinkeye, an infectious disorder that causes inflammation of the outer layer of the eye and inside of the eyelid

Question 26

ST

Answer 26

sore throat

Question 27

TM

Answer 27

tympanic membrane

Question 28

REM

Answer 28

rapid eye movement

Question 29

EOM

Answer 29

extraocular movement (test for eye muscles)

Question 30

SMD

Answer 30

senile macular degeneration

Question 31

I & D

Answer 31

incision and drainage