12 Endocrine System

Question 1

hormones

Answer 1

chemicals secreted by the glands of the endocrine system to regulate body functions

Question 2

cells respond to hormones

Answer 2

only if they have receptors for that specific hormone

Question 3

hypothalamus

Answer 3

master endocrine gland, secretes hormones that regulate the pituitary, together these two glands regulate all major body functions

Question 4

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Answer 4

produces hormones that regulate growth and reproduction

Question 5

human growth hormone

Answer 5

stimulates secretion of hormones that stimulate body growth and metabolism

Question 6

primary endocrine organs

Answer 6

primary function is the secretion of hormones

Question 7

secondary endocrine organs

Answer 7

secrete hormones and have other functions

Question 8

parathyroid hormone

Answer 8

regulates calcium levels

Question 9

thyroid gland location

Answer 9

in the neck, anterior to the trachea and inferior to the larynx

Question 10

adrenal glands

Answer 10

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help the body respond in times of stress

Question 11

pineal gland

Answer 11

produces melatonin, which regulates sleeping patterns

Question 12

pancreas

Answer 12

in addition to digestive functions, it secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels

Question 13

ovaries

Answer 13

produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 14

testes

Answer 14

produce testosterone

Question 15

kidneys

Answer 15

secrete hormones stimulate red blood cell production, increase blood pressure, and increase calcium levels

Question 16

natriuretic peptides

Answer 16

hormones produced by the heart to decrease blood pressure

Question 17

thymus

Answer 17

produces hormones to help maintain the immune response

Question 18

diabetes insipidus

Answer 18

an antidiuretic hormone problem that causes an extreme overproduction of urine (less common than diabetes mellitus and very different)

Question 19

gigantism

Answer 19

too much growth hormone in children causes the bones and body to grow too much

Question 20

acromegaly

Answer 20

too much growth hormone in adults causes the hands, feet, and face to be larger than normal

Question 21

hyperthyroidism

Answer 21

often caused by Grave’s disease, too many thyroid hormones increase metabolism

Question 22

hypothyroidism

Answer 22

often caused by Hashimoto’s disease, the thyroid does not make enough hormones to meet the body’s needs which causes fatigue and weight gain

Question 23

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 23

stimulates production of ova and sperm

Question 24

luteinizing hormone

Answer 24

stimulates the production of testosterone in males and ovulation in females

Question 25

prolactin

Answer 25

stimulates milk production

Question 26

oxytocin

Answer 26

stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth

Question 27

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 27

stimulates the adrenal cortex

Question 28

TSH

Answer 28

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 29

T3

Answer 29

triiodothyronine (thyroid hormone)

Question 30

T4

Answer 30

thyroxine (thyroid hormone)

Question 31

HCG

Answer 31

human chorionic gonadotropin (a pregnancy hormone)

Question 32

DI

Answer 32

diabetes insipidus

Question 33

low T

Answer 33

low testosterone

Question 34

PIH

Answer 34

pregnancy induced hypertension