1.3 Nobility Flashcards
What is patronage?
Giving positions of power to nobles and used by the King to gain loyalty
Examples of patronage used by Henry VII
Awarded those who supported him prior/during BoB
- Jasper Tudor became Duke of Bedford
- Lord Stanley remained in control of Lancashire and Chesire
What was the Order of the Garter?
Significant honour reserved for the King’s closest servants
- Gave prestige not power or land so therefore couldn’t threaten his position
Evidence of the Order of the Garter
- Created 37
- More than half were his closest associated in war and government
What was the Kings Council?
A position on the council was a sign of the King’s confidence and loyalty
Examples of the King’s Council
- John Morton and William Warham maintained positions for longest times
- 5 Key councillers were alligned w him prior to BoB
- Reginald Bray, Giles Daubencey, Richard Guilford, John Riselly and Thomas Lovell
What was the Great Council?
Meetings of noblemen called together by the King to discuss high matters of state/emergency
- Useful form of control
- Way of gaining agreement and support
Evidence for Great Council
There were 5 meetings
1485 - Announce his marriage
1487 - Response to Simmnel
1496 - Grant £12000 for war in Scotland
What were Acts of Attainder?
Led to family losing the right to possess land and spelt economic and social ruin for a family
- They were reversible and reversed for good behaviour
Evidence of Acts of Attainder
John Howard had supported R3 during Bosworth and therefore had his lands attained and imprisoned in 1486
- By 1492 due to good behaviour and the oath of allegiance he was returned the lands
- Henry passed 138 and reversed 46
- Edward passed 140 and reversed 42
Henry’s use of attainder’s increased in severity as his reign went on
What were bonds and recognisances?
Bonds were written agreements in which people promised to pay a sum of money if they failed to carry out their promise
Recognisances were formal acknowledgement of a debt or obligation that previously existed and that money must be payed if the obligation was not met
Evidence of bonds and recognisances
Marquis of Dorset was never trusted so in 1495 he was required to transfer all manors to trustees and give recog worth £1,000 and find others to give recog worth £10,000
By 1499 he had proven his loyalty so the agreements were cancelled
Between 1485 and 1509, 36/62 noble families gave bonds/recog to Henry
Comparing to only one peer under Yorkist rule
What were feudal dues?
Henry’s own rights as king
- Wardship (Control of estates of minors until of age and take profits from them)
- Marriage (Profit from arranged marriage)
- Livery (Money was paid to King to recover land taken from wardship)
- Relief (Recieved money when inherited by others)
Evidence of feudal dues
- Duchess of Buckingham fined £7,000 for marrying without license
- Her son fined £7,000 for entering inheritance without licence prior to 21
Proceeds of wardship and marriage increased from £350 to £6000 in 20 years
What was retaining?
When nobles recruited gentry as followers and used for fighting forces
