1.3: Membrane Proteins Flashcards
Model that describes the structure of a cell membranes as a rapidly moving phospholipid bilayer embedded with large protein molecules.
Fluid Mosaic
Proteins embedded in the membrane.
Integral
Type of R groups that hold integral proteins within the phospholipid bilayer.
Hydrophobic.
Type of integral proteins that span the whole membrane.
Transmembrane
Type of R groups on the surface of peripheral membrane proteins.
Hydrophilic
Examples of small molecules that can pass through a membrane bilayer by simple diffusion.
Oxygen AND CO2
Term for the diffusion of substances across the membrane through transmembrane proteins.
Facilitated diffusion.
Channel protein that is opened by the binding of a signal molecule to allow the diffusion of a specific ion.
Ligand-gated
Protein that allows passive transport of molecules across a membrane.
Channel proteins.
Membrane channel proteins that open or close in response to a change in ion concentration gradient.
Voltage-gated
Transmembrane protein that changes conformation to move molecules across the membrane.
Transporter
Term for the transport of substances across a membrane against the concentration gradient.
Active transport
Example of a transporter protein that hydrolyses ATP to provide the phosphate for a conformation change for active transport.
ATPase
Created when there is a difference in electrical charge on the two sides of a membrane.
Membrane potential OR Electrical potential difference
Example of an ion pump that use energy from the hydrolysis of ATP to establish and maintain ion gradients
Sodium potassium pump OR Na+/K+ ATPase
Number of sodiums and potassiums transported by the sodium-potassium pump per ATP.
Three sodium out and Two potassium in.
Conformation of sodium-potassium pump when phosphorylated by
АТР.
Open to outside.
Conformation of the Na* / K+
ATPase pump which has the lowest affinity for potassium.
Dephosphorylated.
Gradients established by the sodium-potassium pump.
Concentration AND electrical
Transporter protein in the small intestine that transports sodium ions and glucose at the same time and in the same direction.
Glucose symport.
Gradient of sodium and glucose through symport protein.
Sodium down and Glucose against.
Pump that drives the active symport transport of glucose in the small intestine.
Na+/K+ ATPase
