1.3 Lipids

Question 1

how are triglycerides formed

Answer 1

by the condensation of one molecule or glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid

Question 2

what bond is formed in the formation of triglycerides

Answer 2

ester + 3 molecules of water

Question 3

how many carbons do most fatty acids contain

Answer 3

12-18

Question 4

what links to the central carbon chain on fatty acids

Answer 4

glycerol

Question 5

how many fatty acids are there in a triglyceride

Answer 5

3 - they may be similar or dissimilar

Question 6

how many molecules of water are formed per triglyceride made

Answer 6

3 molecules of water

Question 7

what reaction forms are triglyceride

Answer 7

condensation

Question 8

what type of energy is stored in the fatty acid hydrocarbon tails in triglycerides

Answer 8

chemical energy so lots of energy is released when triglycerides are broken down

Question 9

what % energy do carbohydrates contain in comparison to lipids

Answer 9

50% less energy per gram

Question 10

why are triglycerides insoluble in water

Answer 10

the fatty acids tails are hydrophobic, so the cells water potential is not effected by triglycerides

Question 11

why do lipids form as droplets

Answer 11

the insoluble triglycerides crowd together as droplets because the hydrophobic fatty acids tails face inwards

Question 12

difference in structure between phospholipids and triglycerides

Answer 12

one of the three hydrophobic fatty acid tales is replaced by a hydrophilic phosphate group in phospholipids

Question 13

why is a phospholipid an amphipathic molecule

Answer 13

it has both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part