1.3 - European exploration in the americas

Question 1

when did contact between hemispheres start?

Answer 1

1400s

Question 2

catholic victory in spain

Answer 2

roman catholic church threatened by ottoman turk Muslims+christian rebel
the moors (north african islamic invaders) conquered spain
reconquer
Isabella and Ferdinand unite castile and aragon - conquer granada (moorish stronghold)

Question 3

what did isabella and ferdinand do

Answer 3

1. reconquer granada -> spain
2. fund christopher columbus
3. show hope for roman catholics

Question 4

what was the northern european protestant revolt

Answer 4

early 1500s
germany, england, france etc.
revolt against pope
religious wars -> M deaths in 16th, 17th centuries
spread variations of Christianity to other places -> motive

Question 5

new routes

Answer 5

overland route to asia, africa blocked by ottoman turks in Constantinople
portugese shortest path sponsored by prince henry the navigator
Columbus also trying to find route to asia

Question 6

slave trading

Answer 6

war slaves always
15th century portugese enslave from west Africa
sugar plantations on African coast islands
similar system in American colonies

Question 7

line of demarcation

Answer 7

portugese vs spanish first claims to land dispute - settled by pope
drew vertical NS line called line of demarcation in 1493

Question 8

treaty of tordesillas

Answer 8

1494 agreement to move line degrees to west
(establish Portugal claim to brazil)

Question 9

john cabot

Answer 9

italian sea captain voyages under king henry V11
explored newfoundland coast around 1500

Question 10

when/how did english take more interest in distant affairs

Answer 10

1570s/80s show more interest under queen elizabeth
english attack spanish ships, seize gold, attack settlements
sir walter raleigh fail to settle on roanoke island

Question 11

what were french claims to land based on?

Answer 11

1- 1524 sponsor italian giovanni da verrazzano - east coast
2- jacques cartier st. lawrence river

Question 12

why were the french slow to settle

Answer 12

like english, slow to develop colonies, occupied with protestant rebels huguenots

Question 13

why were the english slow to settle

Answer 13

england occupied by henry V11 break with catholic church

Question 14

the ottoman turks

Answer 14

blocked constantinople trade routes between europe and asia

Question 15

huguenots

Answer 15

french protestants who were against roman catholics