13. Deliberative Monetary Valuation Flashcards
What is Deliberative Democracy? Name 3 characteristics.
- Talk at center instead of voting
- Respectful communication
- Share understanding
- Constructive dialogue; not about defeating opponent
- Not the usual suspects/experts
- Diverse pool
- Global Deliberative Democracy would be possible
What is DMV?
Deliberative Monetary Valuation is a combination of deliberative valuation and stated preference method
Why was DMV developed?
Based on a rejection of the assumption that lay people have predefined self-regarding preferences especially for complex and unfamiliar environmental goods.
Name 3 critiques on DMV.
- Anthropocentrism
- Utilitarianism/consequentialism
- Value monism (rather than value pluralism)
- Commodification of nature
- Ignoring the complexity of nature
- Non-democratic (vs. Open, inclusive and reciprocal dialogue among free and equal citizens)
- Biases in stated behaviour and preferences (vs. Constructed preferences)
- Consumer perspective (rather than citizen perspective)
Describe the stances by Hebarmas, Rawls and Arendt regarding deliberative methods.
- Hebarmas: people are different; one needs to make sure people can talk as equals; they should only talk by the force of the better argument.
- Rawls: people are different; people should ignore their personal background and take on a veil of ignorance
- Arendt: representative thinking as a matter of imagining the perspective of others
What is the goal of deliberative methods?
Ensure legitimacy of decisions made.
Name two deliberative methods.
- Citizens juries
- Consensus conferences
- Planning cells
- Deliberative polls
- Citizens assemblies
Name 3 steps of the 6 step process of deliberation.
- Information, evidence
- Mapping and scrutinising options
- Giving (and taking) public reasons
- Re-examining and (perhaps) changing preferences
- Seeking (some level of) agreement or consensus
- Making informed and reasoned decisions or recommendations
What are the three reasons for doing DMV?
- Normative reasons: deliberation as the right democratic process
- Substantive reasons: improve quality of decisions: moral issues, uncertainty, complexity, value conflicts, multiple knowledges and meaning; Plural values of nature - additional (higher) WTP?; stable, informed preferences: information - most applied DMV studies
- Instrumental reasons: deliberation as means to an end: quality of decision-making, legitimacy
Name three differences between individual versus deliberative methods.
- Undemocratic vs democratic process
- Single ‘optimal’ outcome vs negotiated outcome
- Representative (statistically) vs all stakeholders involved
- Independent vs group effects
- Limited understanding possibly vs learning and sharing
- More deliberation time vs limited deliberation time
- Self-interest vs shared values, other-regarding
What is DMV social WTP?
Studies that focus on a group WTP, people really sit together and debate; this is not just about a benefit maximising consumer but about the reflexive citizen
Provide an example of a non-binding and a binding payment vehicle.
Non-binding: donation; binding: tax.
Why didn’t Mark use a binding payment vehicle in his study?
It was in a poor region in Scotland, and the use of taxes was expected to result in negative outcomes.
What was the outcome of Mark’s DMV?
Values (WTPs) went down after learning and deliberation.
Name two limitations to Marije’s DMV study in Malawi.
- Dominant individuals
- Insufficient time
