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AH Chemistry > 1.3 Covalent Bonding > Flashcards

1.3 Covalent Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

Bonding continuum

A

Non polar -> polar -> ionic

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2
Q

Non polar -> polar -> ionic

A

Bonding continuum

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3
Q

Bonding pair

A

Two electrons shared between two atoms in a covalent bond

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4
Q

Two electrons shared between two atoms in a covalent bond

A

Bonding pair

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5
Q

Electron pair repulsion theory

A

When electron pairs are negatively charged, they repel each other

They are arranged to minimise repulsion and maximise separation

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6
Q

When electron pairs are negatively charged, they repel each other

They are arranged to minimise repulsion and maximise separation

A

Electron pair repulsion theory

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7
Q

Dative covalent bond

A

When an atom supplies both electrons in the formation of a covalent bond

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8
Q

When an atom supplies both electrons in the formation of a covalent bond

A

Dative covalent bond

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9
Q

Electron pairs equation

A

no. of outer electrons of the central atom + no. of atoms attached) / 2

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10
Q

no. of outer electrons of the central atom + no. of atoms attached) / 2 = ?

A

No. Of electron pairs

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11
Q

2 bonding electron pairs shape

A

Linear

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12
Q

3 bonding electron pairs shape

A

Trigonal planar

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13
Q

5 bonding pairs shape

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

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14
Q

4 bonding electron pairs shape

A

Tetrahedral

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14
Q

6 bonding electron pairs shape

A

Octahedral

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14
Q

No. of bonding electron pairs in linear shape

A

2

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15
Q

No. of bonding electron pairs in trigonal planar shape

A

3

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16
Q

No. of bonding electron pairs in tetrahedral

A

4

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17
Q

No. of bonding electron pairs in trigonal bipyramidal

A

5

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18
Q

No. of bonding electron pairs in octahedral

A

6

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19
Q

Angle in degrees of linear shape

A

180

20
Q

Angle in degrees of trigonal planar shape

A

120

21
Q

Angle in degrees of tetrahedral shape

A

109.5

22
Q

Angle in degrees of trigonal bipyramidal

A

90

120

180

23
Q

Angle in degrees of octahedral shape

A

90

24
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 180

A

Linear

25
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 120

A

Trigonal planar

26
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 109.5

A

Tetrahedral

27
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 90, 120, and 180

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

28
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 90

A

Octahedral

29
Q

Shape of electron pairs and shape of molecule with 2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs

A

Electron pairs: tetrahedral

Shape of molecule: bent angular

30
Q

Shape of electron pairs and shape of molecule with 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair

A

Electron pairs: tetrahedral

Shape: trigonal pyramidal

31
Q

Shape of electron pairs and shape of molecule with 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs

A

Electron pairs: octahedral

Shape: square planar

32
Q

How many electron pairs does and molecule with this shape have?

Electron pairs: tetrahedral

Shape of molecule: angular

A

2 bonding pairs

2 lone pairs

33
Q

Electron pairs of this shape:

Electron pairs: tetrahedral

Shape: trigonal pyramidal

A

3 bonding pairs

1 lone pair

34
Q

electron electron pairs of this shape:

Electron pairs: octahedral

Shape: square planar

A

4 bonding pairs

2 lone pairs

35
Q

Angle in degrees of bent angular

A

104.5

36
Q

Angles in degrees of tetrahedral electron pairs and trigonal pyramidal shape

A

107

37
Q

Angles in degrees of octahedral electron pairs and square planar shape

A

90

38
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 104.5

A

Tetrahedral electron pairs

Bent angular shape

39
Q

What shape has angle in degrees of 107

A

Electron pairs are tetrahedral

Shape is trigonal pyramidal

40
Q

What do you do to the no. of outer electrons when there is a negative charge

A

add an electron

41
Q

What do you do to the no. of outer electrons when there is a positive charge

A

Remove an electron

42
Q

What two pairs can electrons be in

A

A bonding pair

A lone pair

43
Q

Where are lone pairs held

A

Closer to the central atom

44
Q

Whar pairs of electrons are held closer to the central atom

A

Lone pairs

45
Q

What has a greater repulsion than bonding pairs and why

A

Lone pairs as they are held closer to the central atom

46
Q

What determines the shape of atoms and their bond angles

A

The repulsive forces of bonding pairs and lone pairs

47
Q

What bond interactions have the greatest repulsion

A

lone pair - lone pair

48
Q

What bond interactions have the weakest repulsion

A

Bonding pair - bonding pair

49
Q

What bond interactions have the middle repulsion

A

Lone pair - bonding pair

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