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AH Chemistry > 1.1 EM Radiation > Flashcards

1.1 EM Radiation Flashcards

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1
Q

Radiation

A

Energy that travels and spreads out as it moves

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2
Q

Energy that travels and spreads out as it moves

A

Radiation

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3
Q

EM spectrum

A

The range of frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation which has similar properties

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4
Q

The range of frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation which has similar properties

A

Electromagnetic radiation

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5
Q

Dual nature of EM radiation

A

As a wave - wave motion

As a particle - stream of protons

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6
Q

As a wave - wave motion

As a particle - stream of protons

A

Dual nature of EM radiation

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7
Q

Types of EM radiation from high `

A

`

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8
Q

Types of EM radiation from high frequency/energy to low

A

Gamma rays

X ray

UV

Visible light

Infrared

Microwaves

Radio waves

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9
Q

Gamma rays

X ray

UV

Visible light

Infrared

Microwaves

Radio waves

A

Types of EM radiation from high frequency/energy to low

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10
Q

What is wavelength

A

Distance between adjacent crests

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11
Q

Distance between adjacent crests

A

Wavelength

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12
Q

What is wavelength measured in

A

m or nm

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13
Q

m or nm

A

What wavelength is measured in

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14
Q

Wavelength symbol

A

λ

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15
Q

λ

A

Wavelength symbol

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16
Q

What is frequency

A

The number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in one second

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17
Q

The number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in one second

A

Frequency

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18
Q

Frequency units

A

Hz or 1/time

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19
Q

Hz or 1/time

A

Units for frequency

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20
Q

Wave number symbol

A

v

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21
Q

v

A

Wave number symbol

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22
Q

Wave number equation

A

V = 1 / λ

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23
Q

? = 1 / λ

A

V

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24
Q

Frequency symbol

A

f

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25
Q

f

A

Frequency symbol

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26
Q

Speed of light symbol

A

c

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27
Q

c

A

Speed of light

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28
Q

Speed of light (c) is a..

A

Constant

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29
Q

What is the frequency of light with a wavelength of 690nm?

A

f=c/λ
=3x10^8/690x10^-9

=4.35x10^14 Hz

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30
Q

Calculate the wavelength and frequency of alkyne (wavenumber=3300cm-1)

A
  1. Wavelength
    ν= 1/λ
    =1/3300

=0.000003m

  1. Frequency
    f = 1 / λ
    = 3x10^8/ 3.03x10-6

=9.9x10^13 s^-1

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31
Q

The light energy emitted by an atom produces what

A

A spectrum that is made up of a series of lines at discrete (quantised) energy levels

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32
Q

What produces a spectrum that is made up of a series of lines at discrete (quantised) energy levels

A

The light energy emitted by an atom

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33
Q

What provides direct evidence for the existence of energy levels of atoms

A

The spectrum produced when light energy is emitted by an atom

34
Q

What does the spectrum produced when light energy is emitted by an atom provide evidence for

A

The existence of energy levels of atoms

35
Q

High frequency = high _____

A

Energy

36
Q

High ______ = high energy

A

Frequency

37
Q

What happens when electromagnetic radiation is absorbed or emitted

A

It behaves more like a particle than a wave

38
Q

When does electromagnetic radiation behave more like a particle than a wave

A

When it is absorbed or emitted

39
Q

EM particle name

A

Photon

40
Q

When a photon is emitted or absorbed what happens to the electrons

A

Energy is lost or gained

41
Q

When is energy lost or gained by electrons

A

When a photon is emitted or absorbed

42
Q

Photons at _________ transfer large amounts of energy

A

High frequencies

43
Q

Photons at high frequencies transfer ___________

A

Large amounts of energy

44
Q

Photons at high frequencies ____ large amounts of energy

A

Transfer

45
Q

Photons at _________ transfer small amounts of energy

A

Low frequencies

46
Q

_____ at low frequencies transfer small amounts of energy

A

Photons

47
Q

-Photons at low frequencies transfer __________

A

Small amounts of energy

48
Q

What happens when energy is transferred to atoms

A

Electrons within the atoms may be promoted to higher energy levels

49
Q

When will electrons within the atoms possibly be promoted to higher energy levels

A

When energy is transferred to atoms

50
Q

What does an atom emit when an excited electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level

A

A photon of light

51
Q

When does an atom emit a photon of light energy

A

When an excited electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level

52
Q

Energy symbol

A

E

53
Q

Energy units

A

Kj mol -1

54
Q

Kj mol -1

A

Energy units

55
Q

L

A

Avogadros constant

56
Q

Avogadros constant symbol

A

L

57
Q

h

A

Plancks constant

58
Q

Plancks constant symbol

A

h

59
Q

What can atomic spectra be used for

A

To identify and quantify an element

60
Q

What can be used to identify and quantify an element

A

Atomic spectra

61
Q

Two types of atomic spectra

A

Atomic emission spectra

Atomic absorption spectra

62
Q

Atomic emission spectra

Atomic absorption spectra

A

Two types of atomic spectra

63
Q

What is the concentration of an element within a sample related to in atomic spectra

A

The intensity of light emitted or absorbed

64
Q

The higher the concentration of metal ions in solution, ____________

A

the higher the intensity of radiation absorbed

65
Q

_____________, the higher the intensity of radiation absorbed

A

The higher the concentration of metal ions in solution

66
Q

How is the wavelength of emitted radiation is produced

A

By measuring the intensity of light emitted at different wavelengths

67
Q

Atomic emission spectra

A
  1. Through a flame, high temperatures are used to excite the electrons from their ground state to a higher energy level. Electrons then drop to lower energy levels and emit photons of light.

The energy of these photons is equal to the difference in energy.

  1. These photons of light can be gathered through a slit and can be passed through a prism
  2. This splits up the wavelength and gives a black background with coloured lines. Each coloured line represents one transition of an electron falling back down to ground state.
68
Q
  1. Through a flame, high temperatures are used to excite the electrons from their ground state to a higher energy level. Electrons then drop to lower energy levels and emit photons of light.

The energy of these photons is equal to the difference in energy.

  1. These photons of light can be gathered through a slit and can be passed through a prism
  2. This splits up the wavelength and gives a black background with coloured lines. Each coloured line represents one transition of an electron falling back down to ground state.
A

Atomic emission spectra

69
Q

Why do emission spectrums have multiple different lines

A

Many energy levels and/or many electron transfers

70
Q

Atomic absorption spectra

A

Wavelength of absorbed radiation is measured.

produced by measuring how the intensity of absorbed light varies with wavelength.

  1. The sample is first atomised and EM radiation is directed at the sample. Radiation is absorbed as electrons are promoted to higher energy levels by absorption of specific photons.

Energy of the photons is equal to the difference between the levels.

  1. The rest of the light can be passed through a slit, then a prism.
  2. This produces a spectrum with missing lines which represents the electrons being excited to higher energy levels using EM radiation.
71
Q

Wavelength of absorbed radiation is measured.

produced by measuring how the intensity of absorbed light varies with wavelength.

  1. The sample is first atomised and EM radiation is directed at the sample. Radiation is absorbed as electrons are promoted to higher energy levels by absorption of specific photons.

Energy of the photons is equal to the difference between the levels.

  1. The rest of the light can be passed through a slit, then a prism.
  2. This produces a spectrum with missing lines which represents the electrons being excited to higher energy levels using EM radiation.
A

Atomic absorption spectra

72
Q

In absorption spectroscopy, as the concentration of ion in solution increases, _______

A

there is an increase in the intensity of radiation absorbed

73
Q

_____, there is an increase in the intensity of radiation absorbed

A

In absorption spectroscopy, as the concentration of ion in solution increases

74
Q

Line emission spectrum

A

series of lines at precise frequencies obtained when a sample is energised

75
Q

series of lines at precise frequencies obtained when a sample is energised

A

A line emission spectrum

76
Q

The continuous spectrum

A

A continuous range of wavelength. It is visible when a beam of white light is passed through a prism or from a diffraction grating onto a screen.

77
Q

is a continuous range of wavelength. It is visible when a beam of white light is passed through a prism or from a diffraction grating onto a screen.

A

The continuous spectrum

78
Q

What produces spectral lines

A

Energy is emitted by electrons

79
Q

Why is there multiple spectral lines

A

Many different electron transitions

Many different energy levels

80
Q

Units for E

A

Joules

81
Q

Transmits means…

A

Absorbs

AH Chemistry (8 decks)

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