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Chemistry AS level > 1.3 Bonding Part 1 > Flashcards

1.3 Bonding Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define metallic bonding

A

A metallic bond is the attraction between delocalised outer shell electrons and positive metal ions in a lattice

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2
Q

What is the three dimensional arrangement in a metal called?

A

A lattice

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3
Q

What does delocalised mean?

A

The electrons are free to move throughout the structure

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4
Q

What does the term giant mean?

A

It has no fixed end points

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5
Q

What does the number of delocalised electrons depend on?

A

How many electrons are lost from each metal atom

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6
Q

Define an ionic bond

A

It is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice

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7
Q

Between what does ionic bonding occur?

A

Metals and non metals

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8
Q

What happens to metal atoms in ionic bonding?

A

They lose electrons and become positively charged

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9
Q

What happens to non metals during ionic bonding?

A

They gain electrons and become negatively charged

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10
Q

What does boron not do?

A

Form ions

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11
Q

Which element doesn’t form ions?

A

Boron

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12
Q

Which elements don’t usually form ions?

A

Carbon and silicon

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13
Q

What is the formula for a nitrate(III)

A

NO2-

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14
Q

What is the formula for a nitrate(V)

A

NO3 -

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15
Q

What is the formula for cyanide?

A

CN-

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16
Q

What is the formula for a hydrogen carbonate?

A

HCO3 -

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17
Q

What is the formula for a hydrogen sulfate?

A

HSO4 -

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18
Q

What is the formula for a sulfate(IV)

A

SO4 2-

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19
Q

What is the formula for a sulfate(VI)

A

SO3 2-

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20
Q

What is the formula for a hydrogen phosphate?

A

HPO4 2-

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21
Q

What is the definition of a covalent bond?

A

A shared pair of electrons

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22
Q

When does a covalent bond occur?

A

A reaction between two non metals

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23
Q

When does a double bond form?

A

When two pairs of electrons are shared

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24
Q

When does a triple bond form?

A

When three pairs of electrons are shared

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25
Q

What is non-octet molecule?

A

A molecule where the central atom doesn’t have a noble gas electron arrangement

26
Q

Define a coordinate/dative bond

A

A covalent bond in which both electrons of the shared pair come form the same atom

27
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 5 bond pairs and 0 line pairs?

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

28
Q

What is the bong angle for a molecule that has 5 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

90 and 120

29
Q

Draw the shape of a molecule that has 5 bond pairs and 0 line pairs e.g) PCl5

A
  • P in middle
  • 3 Cl at 90 to each other using straight lines
  • 2 Cl 120 apart (top with dashed and bottom with wedge)
30
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that is trigonal bipyramidal?

A

90 and 120

31
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 4 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

Tetrahedral

32
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 4 bond pairs and 0 line pairs?

33
Q

What is the bond angle for a tetrahedral molecule?

34
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 4 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs e.g) CH4

A
  • Carbon in the middle
  • Two hydrogen with straight lines
  • 2 Hydrogen, one with dashed line, other with wedge
35
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

Trigonal planar

36
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

37
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has the trigonal planar shape?

38
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs e.g) BF3

A
  • B in middle

* 3 fluorine with straight lines

39
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

40
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

41
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has a linear shape?

42
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs e.g.) BeCl2

A
  • Be in middle

* 2 Cl at either side with straight lines

43
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 6 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

44
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 6 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

Octahedral

45
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has a octahedral shape?

46
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 6 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs e.g.) SF6

A
  • S in middle
  • F coming off at top and bottom with straight lines
  • F coming off at either side that has dashed lines
  • F coming off at either side with wedges
47
Q

What is different when drawing bond diagrams for double and triple bonds?

48
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 1 lone pair?

A

120-2.5 = 117.5

49
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 1 lone pair?

50
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 1 lone pair e.g)SnCl2

A
  • Sn in middle
  • Lone pair at top with hat
  • Cl at either bottom side with straight lines
51
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair?

A

109.5 - 2.5 = 107

52
Q

What is the shape for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pairs?

A

Trigonal Pryamidal

53
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair e.g. NH3

A
  • N in middle
  • Lone pair at top with hat
  • Stick H to left
  • Wedge H towards you
  • Dashed H right
54
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs?

A

109.5 - 5 = 104.5

55
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs?

56
Q

Draw a bond diagram for a molecule that has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs e.g. Water

A
  • O in middle
  • two lone pairs on top with hats
  • Two hydrogen on bottom with sticks
57
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs?

58
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs

A

Trigonal planar

59
Q

What is the bond diagram for a molecule that has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs?e.g. ICl3

A
  • I in middle
  • Lone pair in top and bottom
  • Cl with stick to left
  • 2 Cl to the right one on top with dash and one on bottom with wedge
60
Q

What is the bond angle for a molecule that has 4 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs

61
Q

What is the shape of a molecule that has 4 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs?

A

Square planar

62
Q

Draw a bond diagram that has 4 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs e.g. XeF4

A
  • Xe in middle
  • Two lone pairs on top and bottom
  • F sticking up at either side with dash
  • F pointing down at either side with wedge

Chemistry AS level (8 decks)

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