13 and 14 Flashcards
What is not an inherited trait?
dogs shaking hands
Where are genes found?
in the DNA in the nucleus
who is the father of evolution
Darwin
who is the father of genetics
Mendel
how many chromosome pairs in humans
23
what happens with cross pollination?
pollination in different plants
what is a genotype
2 alleles
Sexual reproduction
two parents give rise to offspring with unique combinations of genes with fusion of gametes
Asexual reproduction
single individual passes copies of all genes to offspring without fusion of gametes
What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction?
Advantages: • “quality over quantity” • genetic variation • spread of advantageous traits • removal of deleterious traits (i.e. eliminate genetic load)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
Advantages:
• Produce very large numbers of offspring
• Don’t have to invest in finding/courting a mate
• Preserve beneficial traits (in a stable environment)
allele
form of a gene
somatic cells
all cells of the body except gametes
gene
form of hereditary units
autosomes
chromosomes that aren’t sex chromosomes