1 Flashcards

1
Q

taxonomy

A

The branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying 
species, groups organisms according to a more formal scheme 
 The scheme consists of different levels of classification, each more comprehensive than those below it 


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2
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

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3
Q

What are the 6 kingdoms?

A

bacteria, Archaea, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

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4
Q

What are the steps to the scientific method?

A
  1. Observation
  2. Question
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Experiment
  5. Analysis
  6. Conclusion
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5
Q

What are the common themes to the Study of Life (biology)?

A
  1. Organization
  2. Information
  3. energy and matter
  4. interactions
  5. diversity
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6
Q

What are the eight most important categories in the taxonomy of Earth’s organisms (From least to most inclusive)?

A

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain.

Daring King Philip Came Over From Great Spain

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7
Q

what is biology?

A

the scientific study of life

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8
Q

homeostasis

A

the process by which a cell or organism maintains internal conditions within certain boundaries.

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9
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

– This system was instituted by Carolus Linneaus
– The first name designates the genus, or group of closely related
organisms, that the species is a member of.
– The second name is a specific epithet, unique for each species within a genus

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10
Q

genus

A

group of closely related

organisms, that the species is a member of.

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11
Q

theory

A

well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and tested hypotheses

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12
Q

parsimony

A

the simplest explanation is usually the correct one

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13
Q

what are the properties of life?

A

• Characteristics possessed by all living things

  1. Acquire materials and energy
  2. Regulation
  3. Grow, reproduce, and develop
  4. Evolves and adaptations
  5. Order
  6. response
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14
Q

polytomy

A

a branch point leading to multiple lineages and is an unresolved pattern of divergence

usually looks like a pinch fork; usually a little unclear

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15
Q

what is life?

A

life is recognized by what all living things do

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16
Q

consumer

A

obtains energy and nutrients by eating other organisms

17
Q

producer

A

Plants (and certain other organisms) are able to capture solar energy and perform photosynthesis.

18
Q

adaptation

A

modifications that make organisms suited to their way of life.

19
Q

information theme

A

involves expression and transmission of genetic information

20
Q

energy and matter theme

A

producers and consumers

energy flow and energy cycling

21
Q

interaction theme

A

feedback regulation - output or product of a process regulates that very process

22
Q

negative feedback

A

most common.

the response reduces the initial stimulus

23
Q

specific epithet

A

unique for each species within a genus

24
Q

taxon

A

the named taxonomic unit at any level of the hierarchy.

For example – Panthera is a taxon at the genus level, Mammalia is a taxon at the class level, etc.

25
Q

what is a scientific fact?

A

A scientific fact is an objective and verifiable observation.

Any scientific hypothesis or claim must be falsifiable

26
Q

principles of science

A
  • Every assertion regarding the natural world is subject to challenge and revision based on evidence
  • Any scientific hypothesis or claim must be falsifiable
  • Scientific inquiry concerns itself only with natural explanations for natural phenomena
  • Parsimony (Occam’s razor): the simplest explanation is usually the correct one
27
Q

Which level of organization is the fundamental unit of life?

A

a cell

28
Q

How does our current system of taxonomic organization differ from the system proposed by Linnaeus.

A

The most important difference between classification during the time of Linnaeus and current classification is that organisms are now grouped according to their
evolutionary relationships

29
Q

One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to the system know as:

A

binomial nomenclature

30
Q

Systematics is:

A

a science of name and grouping organisms

31
Q

Modern systematic try to group organisms based on:

A

evolutionary relationships

32
Q

The goal of systematic is to organize living things into groups, called _____, that have biological meaning.

A

taxons