13 - Anatomy of the Ear Flashcards
What can be some signs and symptoms of ear disease?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/420/886/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572942845)
How can the different parts of the ear be split up?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/420/917/q_image_thumb.jpeg?1572942892)
External, Middle, Inner
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/420/917/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572942961)
What nerves carry general sensation to the ear and why is this important?
- Referred pain to the ear for lots of disorders
- CN VIII carries special sensory
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/420/951/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943076)
If you had otalgia but a normal ear examination what are some differentials you can suspect?
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![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/420/987/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943126)
What is the function of the external ear?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/028/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943186)
What are some causes of pinna abnormalities and using the pictures what would be the diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/047/q_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943355)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/047/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943408)
What is Ramsey Hunt syndrome?
- Shingles of the facial nerve (V.Zoster)
- Facial nerve palsy always check ear
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/058/a_image_thumb.png?1572943284)
What can be the complications of a pinna haematoma and how do you treat it?
- Blunt injury can cause subperichondrial haematoma, stripping perichondrium and blood supply from cartilage
- Pressure necrosis
- Need to drain and reappose two layers using rolls otherwise will get fibrosis and asymmetrical cartilage formation so cauliflower ear
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/180/a_image_thumb.png?1572943534)
What is the structure of the external acoustic meatus?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/229/a_image_thumb.png?1572943763)
- Lined with same epithelia as skin to lateral surface of tympanic membrane
- Outer third cartilage, inner two thirds bony
- Sigmoid so pull back, up and out to straighten to see tympanic membrane
- Hair, sebaceous and ceruminous glands on cartilage part not bony
- Epithelial migration to clean
Label the following pathology of the tympanic membrane.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/306/q_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943896)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/306/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572943923)
What is the angle of the tympanic membrane normally and what is some pathology that can affect this angle?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/347/a_image_thumb.png?1572949166)
If you see this when examining a tympanic membrane what should you suspect, and what is the pathogenesis of this disease?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/520/q_image_thumb.png?1572944118)
Cholesteatoma
- Chronic ET dysfunction causes -ve pressure to pull pocket into middle ear as no equillibrium of pressure
- Retraction of pars flaccida forms pocket trapping keratin and stratified sqaumous epithelium which proliferates and forms cholesteatoma
- Painless, smelly ottorrhea +/- hearing loss*
- Slow grows and can enzymatically destroy bones like ossicles, mastoid, cochlea to brain
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/520/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572944191)
What is the function of the middle ear?
- Amplify and vibrate fluid from TM to oval window of cochlea
- Ossicles connected by synovial joints and tampered by tensor tympani and stapedius in accoustic reflex
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/604/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572944518)
What nerves are involved in the acoustic reflex?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/727/a_image_thumb.png?1572944578)
What is otosclerosis?
- Common cause of acquired hearing loss in middle ear in young adults, ?genetic and environmental viral causes
- Ossicles fuse at articulations due to abnormal bone growth, usually at base plate of stapes
- Sound vibrations cannot be transmitted as well
- Gradual uni/bilateral conductive hearing loss
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/783/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572944691)
What are some symptoms of otosclerosis?
- Usually bilateral
- Will become totally deaf if not treated
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/292/421/912/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1572944828)