13-2 Flashcards
Liquids that mix in all proportions are
miscible
Liquids that do not mix in one another are
immiscible
Factors that affect Solubility
Solute–solvent interactions
Pressure (for gaseous solutes)
Temperature
simple principle of dissolution:
“Like dissolves Like.”
”, the stronger the solute–solvent interaction…
, the greater the solubility of a solute in that solvent
Nonpolar organic molecules
do not dissolve in water
Polar molecules
do dissolve in water very well
Fat-soluble vitamins (like vitamin A) are
nonpolar; they are readily stored in fatty (non polar) tissue in the body
Water-soluble vitamins (like vitamin C)…
can not be stored in fatty tissue, need to be included in the daily diet.
The solubility of solids and liquids are not affected by pressure, only…
gases are affected by the partial pressure
As partial pressure in gases decreases
its solubility decreases
As partial pressure of a gas increases
its solubility increases.
For most (but not all) solids, as temperature increases..
the solubility increases.
For all gases, as temperature increases…
the solubility decreases
Mass fraction equation
Mass of solute/ mass of solution