1.2.3 the role of the cardiovascular system in thermoregulation, homeostasis, hypothermia and hyperthermia

Question 1

what is homeostasis

Answer 1

a state of equilibrium. a constant internal environment for optimal functioning of the body and it’s systems

Question 2

what is thermoregulation

Answer 2

temperature homeostasis

relates to the maintenance of body temperature and the heat exchange that occurs between the body and the environment

Question 3

normal core body temperature

Answer 3

37 degrees celcius

Question 4

where is body temp monitored

Answer 4

hypothalamus

Question 5

what mechanisms control body temperature

Answer 5

• shivering
• sweating
• controlling blood flow

Question 6

when we are too hot how does the cardiovascular system help with thermoregulation

Answer 6

When the body is too hot and there is a need for heat loss, the cardiovascular system will automatically direct more blood flow through the vessels to the skin’s surface in an attempt to cool the body down via sweating and heat loss to the external environment.
The blood vessels expand or dilate to allow this increased blood flow and this is known as Vasodilation

Question 7

when we are too cold how does the cardiovascular system help with thermoregulation

Answer 7

When the body is too cold and there is a need for heat retention, the cardiovascular system will restrict blood flow to the skin and redirect it to the internal organs decreasing heat loss.
The blood vessels will decrease in size and this process is known as vasoconstriction.

Question 8

hypOthermia

Answer 8

occurs when the core body temperature falls below the minimum temperature

Question 9

symptoms of hypOthermia

Answer 9

• shivering
• slow shallow breathing
• confusion
• muscular fatigue

Question 10

treatment of hypOthermia

Answer 10

• remove wet clothes
• protect from weather and rain
• move into warm and dry
• warm clothes with blankets

Question 11

hypERthermia

Answer 11

when the body gains more heat than it loses. results in a rise in core temperature.
happens in 3 stages
- heat cramps
- heat exhaustion
- heatstroke

Question 12

heat cramps

Answer 12

early signs of heat illness

symptoms include
- cramping in muscles being worked
- physical exhaustion
- dizziness
treatment includes
- decrease or stop exercise
- remove from heat
- hydration

Question 13

heat exhaustion

Answer 13

caused by excessive loss of bodily fluids due to prolonged sweating
symptoms
- profuse sweating
- cold and clammy skin
- weak and rapid pulse
- lightheaded
- chills and shivering
treatment
- remove from heat and sun
- remove clothing/loose clothing
- fanning and fluids

Question 14

heatstroke

Answer 14

an emergency, final stage of hyperthermia and requires medical treatment
symptoms
- core temp rises above 40 degrees
- mental confusion
- unconsciousness
- shock
treatment
- remove from heat and sun
- remove clothing/loose clothing
- fanning and fluids