1.22 - Carbohydrates 2- polysaccharides Flashcards
What is a polysaccharide?
A long change of over 2 monosaccharides
What are polysaccharides ideal for?
Storage
What makes polysaccharides ideal for their function?
- They are very compact
- Glycosidic bonds are very easily broken
- They are not very soluble in water
What is starch?
An energy store for plants
What monosaccharides make up starch?
Alpha glucose
What two compounds form starch?
Amylose and amylopectin
What bonds make up amylose?
1,4-glycosidic bonds
What makes amylose suitable to its function?
It forms a very compact spiral of many glucose units, this makes it very effective for large amounts of storage
What bonds make amylopectin?
1,6-glycosidic bonds
What makes amylopectin suitable to its functon?
It forms a branched chains that can be broken off easily and used as energy for cellular respiration
What is glycogen?
A store of glucose in animals(also referred to as “animal starch”
What is the structure of glycogen?
It is very similar to that of amylopectin however there are more branches for an even faster break down and release of glucose
What is cellulose?
A carbohydrate that strengthens plant walls
What is the structure of cellulose?
Similar to starch or glycogen but is made up of 1,4-glycosidic bonds between Beta glucose
How do two Beta glucose units bond?
Every other one will “invert”
