1.2 - Windows Command Line Tools

Question 1

Privileges

Answer 1

Not all users can run all commands
– Some tasks are for the administrator only

Question 2

Command line troubleshooting

Answer 2

Use “help” if you’re not sure
> help dir
[command] /?

Question 3

dir

Answer 3

– List files and directories

Question 4

cd / chdir

Answer 4

– Change working directory
– Use backslash \ to specify volume or folder name

Question 5

..

Answer 5

– Two dots/periods
– The folder above the current folder

Question 6

md / mkdir

Answer 6

– Make a directory

Question 7

rd / rmdir

Answer 7

Remove directory

Question 8

hostname

Answer 8

• View the name of the device
  – This is very useful when there are 10 different terminal - screen tabs in use

Question 9

format

Answer 9

• Formats a disk for use with Windows
• BE CAREFUL - YOU CAN LOSE DATA

Question 10

copy (/v, /y)

Answer 10

Copy files from one location to another
/v - Verifies that new files are written correctly /y - Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to overwrite an existing destination file

Question 11

xcopy

Answer 11

• Copies files and directory trees
  xcopy /s Documents m:\backups

Question 12

Robust Copy
* robocopy

Answer 12

– A better Xcopy
– Included with Windows 10 and 11

Question 13

Group Policy

Answer 13

Manage computers in an Active Directory Domain – Group Policy is usually updated at login

Question 14

gpupdate

Answer 14

Force a Group Policy update
– gpupdate /target:{computer|user} /force – gpupdate /target:user /force

Question 15

gpresult

Answer 15

Verify policy settings for a computer or user
– gpresult /r
– gpresult /user sgc/professor /v

Question 16

shutdown

Answer 16

• Shutdown a computer – And optionally restart

Question 17

shutdown /s /t nn

Answer 17

– Wait nn seconds, then shutdown

Question 18

*shutdown /r /t nn

Answer 18

– Shutdown and restart after nn seconds

Question 19

shutdown /a

Answer 19

– Abort the countdown!

Question 20

sfc

Answer 20

System File Checker
– Scan integrity of all protected system files

Question 21

chkdsk /f

Answer 21

– Fixes logical file system errors on the disk

Question 22

DiskPart

Answer 22

start the DiskPart command interpreter

Question 23

winver

Answer 23

View the About Windows dialog – A quick check
* Useful when troubleshooting
– Are you running the latest version?

Question 24

ipconfig

Answer 24

Most of your troubleshooting starts with your IP address – Ping your local router/gateway
Determine TCP/IP and network adapter information – And some additional IP details
View additional configuration details – DNS servers, DHCP server, etc.

Question 25

ping

Answer 25

Test reachability
– Determine round-trip time
– Uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
* One of your primary troubleshooting tools – Can you ping the host?

Question 26

netstat

Answer 26

Network statistics
– Many different operating systems

Question 27

nslookup

Answer 27

Lookup information from DNS servers
– Canonical names, IP addresses, cache timers, etc.
* Lookup names and IP addresses – Many different options

Question 28

net

Answer 28

Windows network commands
* View network resources
Map a network share to a drive letter
View user account information and reset passwords

Question 29

tracert

Answer 29

Determine the route a packet takes to a destination – Map the entire path

Question 30

pathping

Answer 30

Combine ping and traceroute
– Included with Windows NT and later
* First phase runs a traceroute – Build a map
* Second phase
– Measure round trip time and packet loss at each hop