1.2 - Ultrastructure of cells Flashcards
In prokaryotic cells where is the DNA?
It is concentrated in a non-membrane enclosed region
Are prokaryotic cells more simple than eukaryotic cells?
Yes
Give an example of a prokaryotic cell.
Bacteria and archaea
What doesn’t a prokaryotic cell have?
No true nucleus/membrane-bound organelle
What do prokaryotic cells have?
- Cell wall
- Plasma membrane
- Nucleoid
- Flagella
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosome
- Pili
What is the cell wall?
Rigid structure outside of the plasma membrane
What is the plasma membrane and it’s function?
Membrane enclosing cytoplasm, which controls what exits and leaves the cell
What is the nucleoid?
Condensed area of DNA within the cell
How do prokaryotic cells divide?
Binary fission - the DNA is coiled up, replicates, the DNA is divided, the cell wall grows together and then it divides
Where is the DNA in the eukaryotic cell?
In the membrane-bound nucleus
Do eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles?
Yes
Give examples of cells that are eukaryotes.
Plant and animal cells
How large are eukaryotic cells?
10-100 microns (larger than prokaryotes)
What are some of the organelles in eukaryotes?
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
- Lysosomes
