1.2 Ultrastructure Of Cells Flashcards
Electron Microscope Functions
-images can be 0.001μm
-can produce 3-D images
-enhanced focus –> clearer images
-better resolution that light microscopes
Resolution Chart
Resolution
millimetre micrometre nanometre
(mm) (μm) (nm)
eyes 0.1 100 100,000
light mic 0.0002 0.2 200
elec mic 0.000001 0.001 1
Prokaryotic Cells
-first organisms to evolve
-simplest cell structure
-unicellular
Prokaryotic Cell Structure
-Pily (to move)
-Flagellum (to move, not always present)
-Capsule
-Cell wall
-Plasma membrane
-Cytoplasm
-Nucleoid (circular DNA)
-Ribosomes
Proaryotic Cell Division
-Binary Fission
-Asexual reproduction
-Exact replica
- Chromosome replicates
- They move to opposite ends of cell
- Cytoplasm division
- Cell separates
Eukaryotic Cells
-complicated cell structure
-any cell that contains a nucleus
-multicellular organisms are made up of them
E. Cell Compartment benefits
-more concentration for enzymes
-pH can be regulated
-solates toxic substances from cytoplasm
-can change amount & position of organelles
Eukaryotic Cell Basic Structure
-cell wall (plant)
-plasma membrane
-cytoplasm
-nucleus
-chloroplast (plant)
-vacuole (plant)
-nucleolus
E. Cell In Depth Structure
-centrioles (animal)
-lysosomes animal)
-R. endoplasmic Reticulum
-S. endoplasmic Reticulum
-mitochondria
-microtubules
-ribosomes
-golgi apparatus
-chromosome / chromatin
Plasma Membrane
Controlls substances which enter and exic cell.
Cytoplasm
-Where chemical reactions occur
-Organelles are located here
Mitochondria
-Cellular respiration
-ATP is generated
Chloroplast
-Double membrane
-Photosynthesis
R. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports protein from ribosomes to Golgi Apparatus
S. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Produces lipids (storage)
