1.2 Themes and Concepts of Biology

Question 1

Properties of Life

Answer 1

Order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, regulation/homeostasis, energy processing, and evolution.

Question 2

Levels of Organization

Answer 2

Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

Smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

Chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds

Question 5

Macromolecule

Answer 5

Large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Question 6

Organelles

Answer 6

Small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions

Question 7

Cell

Answer 7

Smallest fundamental unit of structure in living things

Question 8

Prokaryotes

Answer 8

Single-celled organisms that lack organelles and do not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane

Question 9

Eukaryotes

Answer 9

Organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

Question 10

Tissues

Answer 10

Group of similar cells carrying out related functions

Question 11

Organs

Answer 11

Collection of related tissues grouped together performing a certain function

Question 12

Organ System

Answer 12

Level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs

Question 13

Organism

Answer 13

individual living entity

Question 14

Population

Answer 14

All of the individuals of a species living within a specific area

Question 15

Community

Answer 15

Set of populations inhabiting a particular area

Question 16

Ecosystem

Answer 16

All the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic parts of that environment

Question 17

Biosphere

Answer 17

Collection of all the ecosystems on Earth

Question 18

Evolution

Answer 18

Process of gradual change during which new species arise from older species, and some become extinct

Question 19

Phylogenetic Tree

Answer 19

A hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections

Question 20

Molecular Biology

Answer 20

Study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level

Question 21

Biochemistry

Answer 21

Study of the chemistry of biological organisms

Question 22

Microbiology

Answer 22

Study of the structure and function of microorganisms

Question 23

Neurobiology

Answer 23

Study of the biology of the nervous system

Question 24

Paleontolgy

Answer 24

Study of life’s history by means of fossils

Question 25

Zoology

Answer 25

Study of animals

Question 26

Botany

Answer 26

Study of plants