12 Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Patterns of behavior or mental processes that are connected with emotional distress or significant impairment in functioning

Answer 1

Psychological disorders

Question 2

A perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality

Answer 2

Hallucination

Question 3

Erroneous beliefs that one is being victimized or persecuted

Answer 3

Ideas of persecution

Question 4

Disorders characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax

Answer 4

Anxiety disorders

Question 5

Persistent fear of a specific object or situation

Answer 5

Specific phobia

Question 6

Fear of tight, small places

Answer 6

Claustrophobic

Question 7

Fear of high places

Answer 7

Acrophobia

Question 8

Fear of open, crowded places

Answer 8

Agoraphobia

Question 9

An irrational, excessive fear of public scrutiny

Answer 9

Social anxiety disorder

Question 10

Recurrent experiencing of attack of extreme anxiety in the absent of external stimuli that usually elicit anxiety

Answer 10

Panic disorder

Question 11

Feelings of dread and foreboding and sympathetic arousal of at least six months duration

Answer 11

Generalized anxiety disorder

Question 12

An anxiety disorder defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control (obsessions) and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce the anxiety (compulsions)

Answer 12

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 13

A disorder that follows a distressing event outside the range of normal human experience and that is characterized by features such as intense fear and avoidance

Answer 13

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 14

A disorder, like PTSD, that is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness, and caused by a traumatic event; occurs within a month of the event and last from two days to four weeks

Answer 14

Acute stress disorder

Question 15

Disorders in which there are sudden, temporary changes in consciousness or self-identity

Answer 15

Dissociative disorders

Question 16

(Formerly termed multiple personality disorder) a disorder in which a person appears to have two or more distinct identities or personalities that may alternately emerge

Answer 16

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Question 17

A dissociative disorder marked by loss of memory of self-identity; skills and general knowledge are usually retained

Answer 17

Dissociative amnesia

Question 18

A disorder in which one feels detached from oneself or that one’s surroundings are not real

Answer 18

Depersonalization-derealization disorder

Question 19

Disorders in which people complain of physical (somatic) problems even though no physical abnormality can be found

Answer 19

Somatoform disorders

Question 20

A somatoform disorder characterized by persistent belief that one is ill despite lack of medical findings

Answer 20

Illness anxiety disorder

Question 21

A disorder in which anxiety or unconscious conflicts are “converted” into physical symptoms that often have the effect of helping the person cope with anxiety or conflict

Answer 21

Conversion disorder

Question 22

A French term descriptive of the lack of concern for their (imagined) medical problem sometimes shown by people with conversion disorders

Answer 22

Ia belle indifference

Question 23

A disorder in which the mood alternates between two extreme poles (elation and depression); also referred to as manic depression

Answer 23

Bipolar disorder

Question 24

Elated; showing excessive excitement

Answer 24

Manic

Question 25

Rapid speech and topic changes, characteristic of manic behavior

Answer 25

Rapid flight of ideas

Question 26

A serious to severe depressive disorder in which the person may show loss of appetite, psychomotor retardation, and impaired reality testing

Answer 26

Major depressive disorder

Question 27

Slowness in motor activity and (apparently) in thought

Answer 27

Psychomotor retardation

Question 28

A possible explanation for some depressive behavior, based on findings that organisms in a aversive situations learn to show inactivity when their behavior is not reinforced

Answer 28

Learned helplessness

Question 29

The tendency to attribute one’s behavior to internal or external factors, stable or unstable factors, and global or specific factors

Answer 29

Attributional styles

Question 30

Those symptoms of schizophrenia that indicate the presence of inappropriate behavior, such as hallucinations, delusions, agitation, and inappropriate giggling

Answer 30

Positive symptoms

Question 31

Those symptoms of schizophrenia that reflect the absence of appropriate behavior, such as a black face, monotone voice, and motionless body

Answer 31

Negative symptoms

Question 32

Refusal to talk

Answer 32

Mutism

Question 33

False, persistent beliefs that are unsubstantiated by sensory or objective evidence

Answer 33

Delusions

Question 34

A condition in which the sense, thought, and movement are dulled

Answer 34

Stupor

Question 35

A psychotic condition characterized by striking motor impairment

Answer 35

Catatonia

Question 36

A feature of catatonic schizophrenia in which people can be molded into postures that they maintain for quite some time

Answer 36

Waxy flexibility

Question 37

Enduring patterns of maladaptive behavior that our sources of distress to the individual or others

Answer 37

Personality disorders

Question 38

A disorder characterized by an inflated self-image, extreme need for affirmation, and lack of empathy for others

Answer 38

Narcissistic personality disorder

Question 39

The diagnose given a person who is in frequent conflict with society, yet who is undetermined by punishment and experiences little or no gut and anxiety

Answer 39

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 40

A personality disorder characterized by instability in relationships, self-image, mood, and lack of impulse control

Answer 40

Borderline personality disorder

Question 41

A personality disorder characterized by persistent suspiciousness but not involving the disorganization of paranoid schizophrenia

Answer 41

Paranoid personality disorder