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1.2 Part C Flashcards

1
Q

The professional who test nonbiological samples such as powders, pills and other substances; to determine their identity, components and concentration

A

Forensic Chemist

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2
Q

Two types of test a forensic chemist use:

A

Presumptive
Confirmatory

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3
Q

Forensic Toxicology Lab
Experimental Problem

A

Determining what the unknown substance was

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4
Q

Forensic Toxicology Lab
Three things to keep constant

A
  1. Amount of the drug
  2. The same indicator
  3. Time frame that results were viewed
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5
Q

Painkiller available OTC (over the counter), very common

A

Acetylsalicylic Acid
(Aspirin)

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6
Q

Common OTC (over the counter) painkiller and fever reducer

A

Acetaminophen

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7
Q

Opioid painkiller that requires a prescription to obtain and is highly addictive.

A

Oxycodone

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8
Q

Illicit drug commonly found on college campuses

A

Ecstasy

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9
Q

All the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord make up the

A

PNS
Peripheral Nervous System

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10
Q

The brain and spinal cord make up the

A

CNS
Central Nervous System

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11
Q

Lobe of the brain responsible for planning and organizing incoming information; controls behavior and emotions

A

Frontal Lobe

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12
Q

What are the functions of the Frontal Lobe

A

Planning
Organization
Behavior
Emotions

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13
Q

Lobe used in processing of language and storing information in long term memory

A

Temporal Lobe

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14
Q

Functions of the
Temporal Lobe

A

Processing language
long term memory storage

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15
Q

Lob of the brain crucial in integrating sensory and visual information

A

Parietal Lobe

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16
Q

Functions of the
Parietal Lobe

A

Integrating sensory and visual information

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17
Q

Lobe that receives and processes sensory nerve impulses from the eyes

A

Occipital Lobe

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18
Q

Functions of the
Occipital Lobe

A

receives and processes sensory information from the eyes

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19
Q

An examination with the eyes to obtain diagnostic information

A

Gross Exam

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20
Q

Two methods used in performing a gross exam of a brain during an autopsy

A

MRI
Cross Sections

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21
Q

Two Kinds of Brain Injury

A

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

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22
Q

What is TBI

A

Traumatic Brain Injury
brain disfunction caused by outside forces to the head

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23
Q

What is CTE

A

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
A progressive degeneration or death of nerve cells caused by repeated head injuries such as repeated concussions

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24
Q

The study of microscopic structures of the tissues

A

Histology

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25
What does a histologist do?
Use microscopes to thoroughly examine tissues which is considered a gross examination
26
A group of cells form
Tissue
27
Specific tissue grouped together form
Organs
28
Organ system
organs working together to perform one or more larger function
29
composed of epithelial cells aligned in sheets and connected to one another
Epithelial Tissue
30
epithelial tissue is found
Lining the outer surface of all organs, blood vessels, and mouth
31
This tissue works to absorb, secrete, protect, and sense for us
Epithelial Tissue
32
This tissue supports and connects other tissue types in the body
Connective tissue
33
This tissue allows other tissues like the lungs to expand
Connective Tissue
34
Tissue found attached to and between other tissue types
Connective Tissue
35
Tissue that holds organs in place, attaches muscles to bones, links bones with joints
Connective Tissue
36
The spinal cord and the brain are composed of this tissue
Nervous Tissue
37
Tissue made up of specialized cells call neurons which works to receive, interpret, and respond to signals.
Nervous Tissue
38
Makes up the muscles in the body
Muscle Tissue
39
Three types of muscles
Striated smooth cardiac
40
Type of muscle tissue attached to bones
Striated muscles
41
Types of muscle found in the walls of internal organs
Smooth muscles
42
Type of muscle found in the heart that allows it to contract
Cardiac
43
The genome of cells contains
DNA sequence
44
What is DNA sequence
the information to make many thousands of different proteins and RNA molecules *a cell typically only expresses a fraction of it's genes
45
What is the magnification of these objectives 4x 10x 40x 100x
40x 100x 400x 1000x
46
What is a concussion
An injury to the head that causes the brain to quickly move back and forth hitting the inside of the skull
47
What happens to the neurons during a concussion (Tau proteins)
The tau proteins can misfold and the neurons don't work in isolation
48
Short term effects/symptoms of concussion
headache dizziness cognitive/memory deficits sensitivity to light ringing in the ears emotional irregularities nausea/vomiting
49
Long term effects of repeated concussions
problems with concentration memory loss headaches sometimes affects physical skills such as keeping balance
50
Histologist what do they do
Study all the tissues of the body to help a (ME) medical examiner determine cause of death (COD). They do this by looking for variation or characteristic markings on tissue
51
Histology (def)
The study of tissues
52
How many chambers are there in the heart
Four R atrium L atrium R ventricle L ventricle
53
Are the Aorta and pulmonary artery Anterior or Posterior on the heart
Anterior
54
see page 72
55
Apex (Def)
the top or highest part of something especially one forming a point
56
Function of the coronary artery
Supplies blood to the heart
57
Heart general role of a pump
Pumps oxygen rich blood to the body
58
Systemic Pump what side and role
Left Pumps blood to the body (red)
59
Pulmonary Pump what side and role
Right Pumps blood to the lungs to get oxygen (blue)
60
General role of heart chamber
receive or pump blood for the heart
61
Role of the atriums
receives blood as it enters the heart "receiving hall"
62
Right Atrium (RA) Function
Receives blood coming back from the body (blue)
63
Left Atrium (LA) Function
Receives blood coming back from the lungs (red)
64
Role of ventricles
Pumps blood out of the heart
65
Right ventricle function
Pushes blood to the lungs to get oxygenated (blue)
66
Left ventricle function
Pushes blood to the body (red)
67
General role of vessels
Provide a pathway in which blood travels
68
Veins function
Vessels that return blood to the heart
69
Two main Veins
Vena Cavas (Blue) Pulmonary Vein (red)
70
Vena Cavas Function
Brings blood back from the body (blue)
71
Pulmonary vein function
Brings blood with oxygen back from the lungs (red)
72
Arteries function
Carry blood away from the heart
73
Two main arteries
Pulmonary arteries Aorta
74
Pulmonary artery function
Carries blood to the lungs to refuel (blue)
75
Aorta function
carries blood with oxygen to the whole body (red)
76
General role of a heart valve
Permits fluid in only one direction
77
What are the two chambers of the heart
Atriums ventricles
78
What are the two types of vessels
Veins Arteries
79
What are the two types of valves
Atrioventricular Semilunar
80
Atrioventricular valve function
separates the atria from the ventricles
81
Two types of Atrioventricular valves
Bicuspid (Mitral) Tricuspid
82
Bicuspid valve location
between LA &LV (red)
83
Tricuspid valve location
between RA & RV (blue)
84
Semilunar valve function
Separates each ventricle from artery leading out of the heart
85
two types of semilunar valves
Aortic Pulmonary
86
aortic valve location
between the ascending aorta and LV (red)
87
Pulmonary valve location
between RV and Pulmonary artery (blue)
88
What side of the heart is attached to the lungs
Right
89
Pulmonary loop function
takes oxygen poor blood and moves it to the lungs
90
Systemic circulation function
provides blood to the body
91
Journey of the RBC start LV
LV, Aortic valve, aorta, body (drop off O), Superior and inferior vena cava, RA, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs (get O), pulmonary vein, LA, Mitral/bicuspid valve, back to LV
92
Angina
Partially occluded coronary artery
93
Atherosclerosis with thrombus
affects people whose arteries are clogged with fatty deposits; these deposits cause the arteries to harden and narrow over time and increase the risk of blood clots
94
affects people whose arteries are clogged with fatty deposits; these deposits cause the arteries to harden and narrow over time and increase the risk of blood clots
Atherosclerosis with thrombus
95
Partially occluded coronary artery causes
Angina
96
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
ruptured plaque in the coronary artery which leads to death of heart muscle
97
ruptured plaque in the coronary artery which leads to death of heart muscle
Myocardial infarction (MI)
98
Aortic Valve Stenosis
Calcified aortic valve cannot completely open
99
Calcified aortic valve cannot completely open
Aortic Valve Stenosis
100
Paten foramen Ovale
A hole between the left and right atria of the heart
101
A hole between the left and right atria of the heart
Paten foramen Ovale
102
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Right ventricle walls become thin and weak and the blood remains in the ventricle. Left ventricle walls are unable to effectively pump blood and the blood remains in the ventricle
103
Right ventricle walls become thin and weak and the blood remains in the ventricle. Left ventricle walls are unable to effectively pump blood and the blood remains in the ventricle
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
104
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)
Affects the left ventricle, the main pumping chamber of the heart. The walls become thick and stiff and eventually are unable to pump enough blood to sustain the body.
105
Affects the left ventricle, the main pumping chamber of the heart. The walls become thick and stiff and eventually are unable to pump enough blood to sustain the body.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)
106
A birth defect of the heart where there is a hole in the septum that separates the two ventricles of the heart
Ventricular Septal Defect
107
Ventricular Septal Defect
A birth defect of the heart where there is a hole in the septum that separates the two ventricles of the heart
108
Bacterial Endocarditis
An infection of the hearts inner lining or heart valve; can have serious complications and lead to death
109
An infection of the hearts inner lining or heart valve; can have serious complications and lead to death
Bacterial Endocarditis

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