1.2 Opposition + Control - FRG Flashcards
What was the main opposition in the rebuilding stage 1949
SPD (against Year Zero + hiring ex nazis in civil service)
which party was banned 1952
Socialist Reich party (similar views to nazi)
What did the KPD do in 1953
Communist demonstration
- 6000 clash with police in Munich
What did Young people want to confront in the 1960s
Nazi past (rejected ‘Year Zero’)
Why were there protests against FRG’s military
- Involvement with West and possibility of storing Atomic Weapons
Who was the APO
- Young intellectual students with no LW parties to support
Which party was banned 1956
KPD
what did the APO do
Violent Protests on streets
Showed ‘Viva Maria’ radical film
who did SDS (German Socialist Student Union) brake away from
1961, SPD
What did SDS want
More radical protests
What happened in 1967 in regards to SDS
student got shot during Human rights protest for Iran
- Membership grew
When did SDS member Dutschke get shot by RW believer
April 1968
What was the name of the series of attacks on Springer Press officers
Easter Riots
When was SDS last major protest
11th May 1968
how many protestors gathered for SDS final protest + what did it lead to
80,000
Emergency Law passed
What did emergency Law grant
Gov got power of arrest and surveillance
What challenge did FRG face with protests in 1970s
- protestors resorted to terrorism
- FRG put up wanted terrorist posters
when Did a leader of West Berlin Tupamaros get shot
1971 - by police
When was the Baader-meinhoff first Bombing
1970, Dahlem
What did Baader-Meinhoff call itself
RAF - Red Army Faction
what was the issue of Baader-meinhoff membership in 1970
most members in prison
When and How did Holgar Meins Die
Nov 1970, Hunger strike for Baader meinhoff
when were all Baader Meinhoff members arrested
1975
Who did Baader meinhoff target with their bombings
Homes of Lawyers
Why did terrorism decrease
people realise it was ineffective
What was public opinion of terrorism like in 1970
-1/5 germans felt sympathy for Baader meinhoff
- 5% willing to let them stay a night
Who did Gov control most heavily effect
LW extremist (like Weimar)
When was the BFV + BND set up
BFV = 1950
BND = 1956
What were BVF and BND entitled to do
investigate people they suspected working against Basic Law
(BVF only national)
(BND abroad and national)
what were the restriction of BFV and BND
because of basic Law
forbid from opening mail/searching homes
when did BND have right to go against Basic Law
1968 - Emergency Law granted
What were the results of The BVF + BND
Decrease in protests
Increase in arrests
But now underground protesting
What caused the establishment of the GSG-9
1972, Munich Olympics shooting of Israeli athletes
What was the GSG-9
Special operation unit against terrorism
What did GSG-9 do Oct 1977
Rescued hostages from hijacked plane
Arrested some Baader-meinhoff members
How did FRG tackle extremists by restricting employment
1949-employment ban on KPD members (and nazi-like beliefs parties)
How many people ,most there jobs due to employment ban from 1950-72
<100
When did Adenauer implement Article 131
May 1951
What was Article 131
allowed employment of Ex-Nazis in Civil service
When was Anti-radical decree established
Jan 1972
what was the Anti radical decree
allowed for political vetting of anyone applying for State job (e.g. teachers)
When did the Nuremberg trials take place
18th October 1945
How many defendants persecuted in Nuremberg trials
- 12/22 sentenced to death
- 3 life sentences
- 3 acquitted (not guilty)
- rest sent to prison
How many people arrested by end of 1946 - Denazification policies
250,000
What was the issues behind denazification policies
- Process looked Corrupt
- left gaps in Key jobs
- people joined because of fear/no choice
when did Allie ban Nazi School Books + films
1946
in 1945-49 what did US opinion polls show about Denazification
2/3 of Germans though necessary
1951 - fell to under 1/4
Why were people being critical of Allies being inconsistent
1000 Ex-Nazi Scientists + Doctors avoided persecution by working for USA
In 1947, what percentage of Teachers in Bavaria lost their jobs because of De-Nazification, then returned
85%
in 1961, how many Uni students in Frankfurt believed in future of democracy
1/3
What was Voter Turnout in 1949 + 1987
1949 = 78.5%
1987 = 84.3%
During 195-64 what was the support for reinstallation of the monarchy
fell from 1/3 to 1/10
