1.2 Opposition and control - Nazi Flashcards
Early 1930s Which parties created pamphlets + anti-nazi literature
- KPD + SPD + Trade unions
When were Trade unions banned
May 1933
What was the name of SPD resistance Group + what did they do
‘Red Shock Troop’
- Published newspapers ever 10 days
what was the membership of the ‘Red Shock Troop’
3000
What happened to ‘Red Shock troop’ in Dec 1933
leaders sent to Conc camps, Group folded
what was the UHRIG group
group that posted leaflets urging workers to sabotage factories
who were the Red Orchestra
mostly Gov workers who passed info about German War effort to USSR
What was the Lightning strikes in 1936
Workers damaging machinery + worked slowly
Why is it difficult to arrest worker in lightning strikes
Workers in great demand
When were members of the Anti-fascist group arrested
1944
when Did Swing Youth establish
1939
What did Swing Kids do
- Didn’t join hitler Youth
- played Jazz + wore Western clothes
When did the anti Nazi clubs (e.g. Swing Youth) become illegal
1940
What did the protestant Church create
Escape Lines for Wanted people
Who were the Edelweiss pirates
Working class Teenagers
What did the Edelweiss pirates do
- create anti-nazi leaflets
- Anti Nazi slogans in graffiti
- Wore American style (white) opposing Hitler Youth Militaristic
Who were the White Rose group
University students of Munich
What did the White Rose group do
Secretly distributed Anti-Nazi material
(exposed mass murder of jews)
Urged Non violent resistance
what happened to white Rose group
Caught and executed
How many known attempts to assassinate Hitler 1921-44
15
after 1939 how many assassination attempts made by Army members
7
when was the July plot
1944
What was the July plot
- Lieutenant Von Stauffenberg left bomb in briefcase in Conference room
- Hitler made excuse to leave
- Bomb went off killed 4
What was the Concordant agreed with the church
leave the Catholic Church alone if it didn’t interfere in politics
What Did hitler develop in religion
‘Peoples Church’
- Less christian, more Nazi
- Removed Old Testament Because too ‘Jewish’
when was the Pastors Emergency League (PEL) formed
May 1934
What was the Pastors Emergency League
Turned into confessing church
Members arrested, some executed
What happened in October 1934 in regards to the Clergymen
- 2 Bishops arrested (being Anti-Nazi)
- public outcry/protests
- Nazi cautious so released them
when was the Decree for the protection of people
Feb 1933
what was the Decree for the Protection of people
Allowed Gov to arrest political opponents without charge + suspend right to Assembly
What were German radios forced to do
serve Govt and express nazi ideology
What did Germany have more of than the US
daily newspapers
what decree did Hitler launch Oct 1933 that impacted the Press
Illegal to publish anything that weakened Third reich
By the end of 1932 how may nazi newspapers and readers
59 nazi newspapers
780,000 readers
By the end of 1933 how many nazi newspapers and readers
86 Newspapers
3 million readers
When did it become illegal to form a political party
July 1933
When was Gestapo set up
April 1933
By 1936 how big were the SS
240,000 (in charge of gestapo)
when was the peoples court set up in Berlin
1934
what was the peoples court
- accused people of being traitors
- all judiciary chosen from Nazi party
- were private and couldn’t appeal
By 1945 how many people had passed through the peoples court
16,700
What did Hitler transform his image into
‘God-like’ + ‘Fuhrer Myth’
What did nazis do to radios
made sure cheapest was peoples Receiver (can’t pick up foreign stations)
by 1943 how many radios were people receivers
1/3
what were Mothers rewarded for having babies
Medals
(medal of Honour for 4)
what was the loan received when married
1000 mark loan, reduced by 250 marks per child
What did the strength Through Joy programme gift
free trips
How did people help gestapo
handing over ‘degenerates’
Who benefitted from Nazi regime
wealthy industrialists (ban of trade unions)
Middle Class (Econ recovery)
What could people apply to do
‘Germanise’ an area, giving them homes/land
How did people support during the war
- Joined SS
- collected money for Nazi ‘Charities’ (camps)
why did support decline During the war
Terrible/Bombed living conditions
