[1.2] History Flashcards

1
Q

What century is the rise of public health

A

19th Century

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2
Q

What century is “The Great Sanitary Awakening”

A

19th Century

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3
Q

A London lawyer, one of the most recognized names in the sanitary reform movement who studies “General Report on the Sanitary COnditions”

A

Edwin Chadwick

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4
Q

What year is the Disease Control Phase

A

1880 - 1920

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5
Q

What year is the Health Promotion Phase

A

1920 - 1960

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6
Q

What year is the Social Engineering Phase

A

1960 - 1980

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7
Q

What year is the Health for All Phase

A

1980 - Onwards

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8
Q

Sanitary legislation and sanitary reforms

A

Disease Control Phase

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9
Q

Aimed at the control of man’s physical environment and not at the control of any specific disease

A

Disease Control Phase

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10
Q

Health promotion of individuals was added onto the goals where introduction of mother and child health services, industrial health services, mental health services, and rehabilitation services was introduced

A

Health Promotion Phase

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11
Q

Two great movement were initiated for human development:
a) Provision of basic health services through the mediu, of PHCs and sb-centers
b) Community development programme to premote village development through active participation of whole community.

A

Health Promotion Phase

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12
Q

Change in pattern of disease, new phase called ________, moved towards preventive and rehabilitative aspects of chronic disease and behavioral problems

A

Social Engineering Phase

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13
Q

Health gap between the rich and the poor, within and between countries

A

Health for All Phase

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14
Q

Includes reducing the inequalities within and between population so that individual will lead a socially and economically productive life

A

Health for All Phase

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15
Q

What century was the dramatic increase in average span of life is credited to public health achievement

A

20th century

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16
Q

Approach to Use:
What is the problem?

A

Surveillance

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17
Q

Approach to Use:
What is the cause?

A

Risk factor identification

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18
Q

Approach to Use:
What works?

A

Intervention evaluation

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19
Q

Approach to Use:
How do you do it?

A

Implementation

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20
Q

Is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice

A

Surveilance

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21
Q

An intestinal disease rampant during the early 1800s in London, commonly though to be caused by bad air from rotting organic matter

22
Q

Best known for his work tracing the source of the cholera outbreak

A

John Snow, Physician

23
Q

Considered as the father of modern epidemiology

A

John Snow, Physician

24
Q

What year was the Cholera Outbreak

25
What is the source of the Cholera Outbreak
Broad Street Pump (risk factor identification)
26
What year was the Greek and Roman civilization sanitation measures and practices
500 BCE
27
What year was the Black Death, though to be an epidemic of bubonic plague, a bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis
1346 - 1352
28
What year was the inoculation brought to Britain by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Early 1700s
29
Who brought inoculation in Britain
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
30
In 1798, a vaccination was made by ______, a Gloucestershire doctor who advocated the inoculation of cowpox pustules
Edward Jenner
31
In 1830, ______ was convinced that the main cause of illness was the dirty conditions that the poorest members of the society were living in
Edwin Chadwick
32
In 1848, the _______ stemmed from Chadwick research on the health concerns in London
Public Health Act of 1848
33
In 1854, _____ innovated several key epidemiologic methods that remain valid and in use today
John Snow
34
In 1854, _____ he mapped the disease pattern of cholera epidemic in London
John Snow
35
In 1807 - 1883, ______ a British physician, pioneered the quantitative study of morbidity and mortality, helping establish the field of medical statistics
William Farr
36
Synonymous to Morbidity
Disease Incidence
37
Synonymous to Mortality
Death
38
In 1870, ______ experiments led to the discovery of artificial immunity: rabies, anthrax and cholera
Louis Pasteur
39
The forerunner of the Modern Epidemiology
John Snow
40
He used data such as census reports to study occupational mortality in England
William Farr
41
He explored the possible linkage between mortality rates and population density
William Farr
42
He was recommended for the post of "Compiler of Abstracts" at the General Register Office of England and Wales which registered births, marriages, and deaths
William Farr
43
In 1843 - 1910, ______ a German physician who had verified that human disease was caused by a specific living disease
Robert Kotch
44
Most notable contribution: the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1882
Robert Kotch
45
Mycobacterium tuberculosis also known as
Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose
46
Synonymous to Pandemic Influenza (1918)
Spanish Influenza
47
In 1928, ______ discovery of the antimicrobial properties of the mould Penicillium notatum, breakthrough to the development of the first antibiotic penicillin
Alexander Fleming
48
What year was the first polio vaccine known
1950
49
The first polio vaccine was developed by
Jonas Salk - IPV or Inactive poliovirus vaccine
50
The second polio vaccine was developed by
Albert Sabin - OPV or Oral poliovirus vaccine
51
What year was the surveillance and vaccination programmes against smallpox
1960
52
Hired by CDC and prevention as the first Epidemiologist
Alexander Langmuir (1949)