[1.1] Introduction to Public Health Flashcards
_____ is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Health
What are the factors influencing health and well-being
- Social and economic factors
- Health Behaviors
- Clinical Care
- Physical Environment
- Genes and Biology
Many deaths are _____
Premature
_______ is related to preventing premature and avoidable deaths
Public Health
Measures directed to group of people to promote, protect, and preserve health
Public Health
Science of protecting the safety and improving the health of communities through education, policy making and research for disease and injury prevention
Conceptualized Public Health
Development of the social machinery to ensure everyone a standard living adequate for maintenance of health
Charles Edward Amory Winslow [1920]
In the medical field, clinicians treat disease and injuries of one patient at a time. But in public health, we ______ disease and injury
Prevent
Public health allows identification of the _____ of disease and disability and implement large scale solutions
Causes
In public health, ______ work to find a vaccine for malaria
Microbiologist
In public health, ______ research ways to discourage populations from smoking
Behavioral scientist
In public health, environmental health scientist work to discover which ____ prevent cancer
food
In public health, _________ identify trends in health and illness, looking for links, causes and interventions in areas such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and infant mortality
What are the two public health approach
- Public Health Model
- Medical Model
Health Approach:
Population focus
Public Health
Health Approach:
Public health ethics
Public Health
Health Approach:
Prevention or public health emphasis
Public Health
Health Approach:
Joint laboratory and field involvement
Public Health
Health Approach:
Clinical sciences peripheral to professional training
Public Health
Health Approach:
Individual patient focus
Health Care
Health Approach:
Personal service ethic
Health Care
Health Approach:
Diagnosis and treatment emphasis
Health Care
Health Approach:
Joint laboratory and patient involvement
Health Care
Health Approach:
Clinical sciences essential to professional training
Health Care
6 areas of Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Biostatistics
- Biomedical Sciences
- Social and behavioral science
- Environmental Science
- Public Policy
Five step process of public health approach
- Define the health problem
- Identify the risk factors
- Develop and test community level intervention
- Implement intervention to improve the health of the population
- Monitor those interventions to assess the effectiveness
Main task is to develop intervention designed to prevent specific problems that have been identifies
Prevention
What is the 3 levels of approaches
Primary prevention, Secondary prevention, and Tertiary prevention
Prevents illness or injury from occurring at all
Primary prevention
Seeks to minimize the severity of the illness or the damage due to an injury-causing event once the event has occurred
Secondary prevention
Seeks to minimize disability by
Tertiary prevention
A health _____ is an act performed for, with or on behalf of a person or population whose purpose is to assess, improve, maintain, promote or modify health, functioning or health conditions
Intervention
Covers interventions carried out by a broad range of providers across the full scope of health systems and includes interventions on diagnostic, medical, surgical, mental health, primary care, allied health, functioning support, rehabilitation, traditional medicine and public health
International CLassification of Health Interventions [ICHI]
Public Health consists of
Social Medicine
Community Health
Preventive Medicine
Community Medicine
