1.2 Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
cell wall
a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein - makes proteins
ribosome
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids - system of folded membranes
endoplamic reticulum
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by 2 membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration - breaks down sugar into energy
mitochondrion
cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Golgi complex
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell ; forams when part of the cell membrane surrounds the materials to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell
vesicle
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
lysosome
a complex sugar that most animals can’t digest
cellulose
some fungi have cells made of….
chitin
a group of compounds that don’t dissolve (includes fats and cholesterol) - move materials in and out
lipids
a proteciver barrier that encloses a cell
cell membrane
doesn’t like water
hydrophobic
“water-loving”
hydrophilic
where a cell begins to make its ribosomes
nucleolus
where the energy from the mitochondrion is stored
ATP
organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place
chloroplast
the process by which plant and algae use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen (food)
photosynthesis
traps sunlight and uses it to make sugar to eat and store and energy - a green pigment
chlorophyll
a large vesicle that stores digestive enzymes and aid in digestion within the cell
vacuoles
a lipid that contains phosphorus
phospholipid
any one of about 20 different organic molecules that are used to make proteins
amino acid
a web of proteins in the cytoplasm
cytopskeleton
