1.2 - Computer Components Flashcards
What are the 3 components that are necessary in every computer?
Processor, Motherboard, Power Supply Unit
What is the function of a Processor (CPU)?
Manage functions of a computer system by processing data and instructions.
What is a Motherboard?
Main circuit board - components such as CPU / ROM connected.
What does a Power Supply Unit (PSU) do?
Converts electricity from AC to DC.
What is Memory split into?
Volatile, Non-volatile
What is Volatile storage?
Temporary (data is lost whenever the power is turned off).
What is Non-volatile storage?
Saves data.
What is the function of RAM?
Keeps data that is easily accessible so your processor can quickly find it without having to go into long-term storage to complete immediate processing tasks.
What type of memory is Random Access Memory (RAM)?
Volatile - stores parts of operating system.
How can RAM storage locations be identified?
By unique address.
What is the function of ROM?
Store firmware, such as the BIOS or UEFI, which is essential for booting up the computer.
What type of memory is read-only memory (ROM)?
Non-volatile - cannot change, stores boot program/BIOS.
What is Cache Memory?
Volatile, stores frequently accessed data, quick to access - close to CPU.
What are the secondary storages?
Magnetic Storage, Optical Storage, Solid State Storage, Cloud Storage.
What are the characteristics of Magnetic Storage?
Large capacity, quick data access speed (slower than solid state), low portability + not durable.
What are the characteristics of Optical Storage?
Low capacity, slow access speed, high portability, prone to scratches.
What are the characteristics of Solid State Storage?
No moving parts - fast access speed, small size (USB sticks + memory cards) - portable, high capacity.
What are the characteristics of Cloud Storage?
Huge capacity, difficult portability, durable, access speed depends on internet connection.
What are Expansion Cards?
Have specific purpose, attached to motherboard.
What is the function of a Graphics Card?
To generate/render imagery that is displayed on an output device.
What are Ports?
Interface between external devices on computer.
What is the function of Ports?
Data to be transferred.
What are the 6 different types of ports?
USB Port, Firewire Port, SD Port, Ethernet Port, SATA Port, Micro SD Port.
What is a USB port used for?
Used to connect a wide variety of external devices.
What is Firewire used for?
Used for devices working for higher levels of data (e.g., USB).
What does a Network / Ethernet Port do?
Connects computers to network devices (modem/router).
What is a SATA port used for?
Data transfer to external HDD, SSD or optical devices.
What is a Fibre Channel Port used for?
To connect computer servers to share storage devices.
