12-6: The Brain - functional areas of the cerebral cortex Flashcards

1
Q

Damage to the post-central gyrus of the parietal lobe may result in: __.

A

parasthesia of opposite side

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2
Q

Damage to the medial surface of the occipital lobe may result in ___.

A

blindness

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3
Q

Damage to the areas surrounding the medial surface (primary visual cortex) in the occipital lobe may result in ___.

A

being able to see, but not recognize (difficulty with visual association)

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4
Q

Damage to the temporal lobe near the lateral sulcus may result in ___.

A

deafness

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5
Q

Damage to Wernicke’s area may result in ___.

A

difficulty translating spoken words into thoughts

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6
Q

Damage to the deep insular lobe may result in ___.

A

inability to taste

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7
Q

Damage to the medial surface of the temporal lobe may result in ___.

A

inability to smell

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8
Q

Damage to the pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe may result in ___.

A

paralysis on the opposite side

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9
Q

Damage to Broca’s area may result in ___.

A

aphasia

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10
Q

sensory areas

A

interpret sensory input - conscious awareness of sensations

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11
Q

motor areas

A

all in frontal lobe, initiate voluntary movement

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12
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

located in the post-central gyrus of the parietal lobe

receives sensory input from specific skin and muscle regions

damage: parasthesia

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13
Q

sensory homunculus

A

entire body is mapped out on the primary somatosensory cortex, enabling you to identify the region of your body that is being stimulated. Biggest areas - most sensitive areas of skin (eg. lips)

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14
Q

The right hemisphere receives input from the __ side of the body, and vice versa.

A

left

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15
Q

somatosensory association cortex

A

stores memories of somatosensory (touch) experiences

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16
Q

primary visual cortex

A

located on medial surface of occipital lobe

recieves sensory input from the eyes and interprets shape, color, and movement

damage: blindness

17
Q

visual association area

A

surrounds the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe

relates present to past visual experiences (stores visual memories - evaluate what is seen)

damage: still see, but don’t recognize

18
Q

primary auditory cortex

A

located in temporal lobe near lateral sulcus

receives sensory input from ears and interprets pitch, volume and rhythem of sound

damage: deafness

19
Q

auditory association area

A

below the primary auditory cortex in temporal lobe

stores voice prints, tunes and other auditory patterns (auditory memories - recognize sounds you learned)

20
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

translates spoken words into thoughts (understand the words you hear) - in the auditory association area in the left hemisphere

21
Q

gustatory cortex

A

located deep in insular lobe

interprets taste

22
Q

olfactory cortex

A

located on medial surface of temporal lobe

interprets smell

23
Q

primary motor cortex

A

located in the pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe

gives conscious control of skeletal muscles

contralateral control - left motor cortex controls right side of body

damage: paralysis

24
Q

motor homunculus

A

entire body is mapped out on the primary motor cortex of each hemisphere; muscles needing fine control receive the largest area of cortex

25
premotor cortex
anterior to the primary motor cortex controls learned motor skills of a patterned nature (playing an instrument, typing, etc)
26
Broca's Area
located just above the lateral sulcus, usually in the left hemisphere translates thoughts into speech damage: aphasia
27
frontal eye field
controls voluntary movement of eyes
28
lateralization of cortical function
left is dominant for language, math, logic and the right controls insight, imagination, poetry, art and music > for 90% of people